Nursing Process
What does ADPIE stand for in the nursing process?
Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation
Which stage of infection is the patient MOST contagious?
Prodromal stage
What type of precaution is needed for a patient with Influenza A?
Droplet precautions (mask, gown/gloves as needed)
What does ISBARR stand for?
Identity/ Introduction, Situation, Background, Assessment, Recommendation, and Read back of orders/ response
What’s the #1 way to prevent falls in hospitalized patients?
Frequent purposeful rounding / hourly rounding
During which step does the nurse gather subjective and objective data?
Assessment
List the six links in the chain of infection
Infectious agent → Reservoir → Portal of exit → Mode of transmission → Portal of entry → Susceptible host
What PPE must be worn when caring for a patient with C. difficile?
Contact precautions (gown and gloves; wash hands with soap and water, not sanitizer)
In SBAR, where do you include the patient’s vital signs?
Assessment (vital signs are part of current assessment findings)
Which patients are at highest risk of falls?
Elderly patients, confused patients, those on sedatives, or with mobility impairment
Writing measurable goals and outcomes belongs to which step of ADPIE?
Planning
In which stage of infection do non-specific symptoms (like fatigue) occur?
Prodromal stage (nonspecific symptoms like fatigue, low-grade fever).
Which isolation precaution applies to a patient with TB?
Airborne precautions (N95 respirator, negative pressure room)
Why is SBAR important in nursing handoff?
Promotes clear, structured, and concise communication between healthcare providers
Name two examples of when proper body mechanics are used.
Turning a patient, performing a bed bath, wound care, lung/heart assessment, inserting a Foley catheter
Evaluating whether interventions worked occurs in which ADPIE step?
Evaluation
Which asepsis technique is required for urinary catheter insertion?
Surgical asepsis (sterile technique).
What is the difference between medical vs. surgical asepsis?
Medical asepsis = clean technique (hand hygiene, gloves).
Surgical asepsis = sterile technique (used for invasive procedures like catheter insertion
Which step ensures confidentiality when communicating?
Background step (you include only relevant info, respecting confidentiality)
Define restraints and when they may be necessary.
Restraints are devices to restrict movement to protect the patient or others. They’re used only when necessary and with a provider order
What is the main difference between a Nursing Diagnosis and a medical diagnosis? Give an example of each for bonus points!!
Nursing diagnosis focuses on the patient’s response to health problems (e.g., “Impaired gas exchange”).
Medical diagnosis identifies the disease or condition (e.g., “Pneumonia”).
The most common infectious agent in hospitals is __________.
Bacteria
Match each disease with its precaution: MRSA, Measles, Chickenpox
MRSA → Contact
Measles → Airborne
Chickenpox → Airborne + Contact
In the ISBARR model, what is the purpose of the “Readback/Repeat” step, and why is it critical in nursing communication?
It ensures the receiver repeats the orders or information back to confirm accuracy.
This prevents errors and promotes patient safety by closing the communication loop.
What are the levels of consciousness? Define them for bonus points!!
Alert → Easily awakened with minimal stimulation
Lethargic → Drowsy, vigorous stimulation needed for brief, appropriate response
Stupor → Reflex motor activity only to painful stimuli
Comatose → No response