Psychological Science
Which method allows researchers to determine cause-and-effect relationships?
A. Case study
B. Survey
C. Experiment
D. Naturalistic observation
C. Experiment
A professional who prescribes medication and treats mental disorders medically is a:
A. Clinical psychologist
B. Psychiatrist
C. Social worker
D. Counselor
B. Psychiatrist
The basic unit of the nervous system is the:
A. Hormone
B. Neuron
C. Axon
D. Synapse
B. Neuron
The psychologist known for the stages of cognitive development is:
A. Sigmund Freud
B. Jean Piaget
C. Erik Erikson
D. B.F. Skinner
B. Jean Piaget
The peripheral nervous system consists of:
A. Brain and spinal cord
B. Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
C. Hormones only
D. Brain lobes
B. Nerves outside the brain and spinal cord
The variable that is manipulated by the researcher is called the:
A. Dependent variable
B. Independent variable
C. Control variable
D. Confounding variable
B Independent variable
Psychologists who diagnose and treat mental disorders using therapy are called:
A. Developmental psychologists
B. Counseling psychologists
C. Clinical psychologists
D. Experimental psychologists
C. Clinical psychologists
The chemical messengers that cross the synapse are called:
A. Hormones
B. Neurotransmitters
C. Ions
D. Dendrites
B. Neurotransmitters
The first stage of Piaget’s cognitive development is:
A. Concrete operational
B. Sensorimotor
C. Preoperational
D. Formal operational
B. Sensorimotor
A case study is best described as:
A. An in-depth study of one person or small group
B. Studying a group over time
C. Observing behavior in natural settings
D. An in-depth study of one person or small group
D. A questionnaire study
A. An in-depth study of one person or small group
The group that receives the treatment in an experiment is called the:
A. Control group
B. Random group
C. Experimental group
D. Placebo group
C. Experimental group
The DSM-5 is primarily used to:
A. Treat mental illness
B. Diagnose mental disorders
C. Study brain anatomy
D. Conduct therapy sessions
B. Diagnose mental disorders
The part of the brain responsible for balance and coordination is the:
A. Cerebellum
B. Hypothalamus
C. Medulla
D. Amygdala
A. Cerebellum
According to Erikson, the main conflict of adolescence is:
A. Trust vs. mistrust
B. Industry vs. inferiority
C. Identity vs. role confusion
D. Generativity vs. stagnation
C. Identity vs. role confusion
The fight-or-flight response is activated by the:
A. Sympathetic nervous system
B. Somatic nervous system
C.Parasympathetic nervous system
D. Central nervous system
A. Sympathetic nervous system
A double-blind study means:
A. Participants know the hypothesis
B. Researchers know who receives treatment
C. On participants know the treatment
D.Neither participants nor researchers know who receives treatment
D.Neither participants nor researchers know who receives treatment
Which professional typically cannot prescribe medication in most states?
A. Psychiatrist
B. Clinical psychologist
C. Psychiatric nurse practitioner
D. Medical doctor
B. Clinical psychologist
The brain structure that plays a key role in emotion and fear is the:
A. Hippocampus
B. Amygdala
C. Thalamus
D. Pituitary gland
B. Amygdala
Object permanence refers to understanding that:
A. Objects change size
B. Objects continue to exist even when unseen
C. Objects move quickly
D. Objects are alive
B. Objects continue to exist even when unseen
A positive correlation means:
A. One variable increases while the other decreases
B. Variables have no relationship
C. Both variables increase or decrease together
D. One variable causes the other
C. Both variables increase or decrease together
A correlation coefficient indicates:
A. Cause and effect
B. Strength and direction of a relationship
C. The average score
D. Statistical significance only
B. Strength and direction of a relationship
A therapist helping a client change harmful thinking patterns is using which therapy?
A. Psychoanalysis
B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
C. Humanistic therapy
D. Biomedical therapy
B. Cognitive-behavioral therapy
The endocrine system communicates using:
A. Electrical impulses
B. Neurotransmitters
C. Hormones
D. Reflexes
C. Hormones
According to Piaget, the ability to think abstractly and logically develops in the:
A. Sensorimotor stage
B. Preoperational stage
C. Concrete operational stage
D. Formal operational stage
D. Formal operational stage
The brain structure that relays sensory information to the cortex is the:
A. Hypothalamus
B. Thalamus
C. Amygdala
D. Medulla
B. Thalamus