Psychological Science
The scientific attitude includes 3 main elements: curiosity, humility and _____.
What is skepticism?
A testable prediction that gives direction to research, central to the scientific method
What is a hypothesis?
Hormones are the main chemical messages of this body system
What is the endocrine system?
The brain's capacity to change by forming new neural pathways as a result of experiences
What is neuroplasticity?
The biochemical units of heredity that make up the chromosomes
What are genes?
Experiencing pain relief after taking an inactive substance that is believed to have pain-relieving benefits
What is placebo effect?
Studying a single person or event in great detail
What is a case study?
Stage of sleep characterized by bizarre dreams
What is REM sleep?
An electrical signal that travels down the axon of a neuron.
(For an extra 100 points, what happens when a neuron fires?)
What is action potential?
(An impulse travels down its axon, carrying information to another cell)
Twin/adoption studies best investigate these influences on development
What are heredity and environment?
People's tendency to exaggerate their ability to have forseen an outcome
What is hindsight bias?
The only research method that allows experimenters to determine if there is a cause-effect relationship between variables?
What is an experiment?
Not noticing a dancing gorilla because you are focusing on counting basketball passes
What is selective attention?
The sheath of fatty tissue covering the axon that plays an important role the speed of neural impulses
What is Myelin?
A child's ideas about their own and others' mental states
What is theory of mind?
Our tendency to believe we know more than we do best illustrates
What is overconfidence?
In a psychological experiment, the variable that is manipulated by the experimenter and the variable that is measured by the experimenter
What are the independent variable and dependent variable?
The inability to remember events before the age of 4/5
What is infantile amnesia?
The functions of the following brain areas:
Thalamus
Amygdala
Hippocampus
Prefrontal cortex
What are...
Thalamus - sensory control center
Amygdala - fear response (and aggression)
Hippocampus - explicit memory formation
Prefrontal cortex - judgement, planning, social interactions, memory processing
Type of development that the following theorists focused on:
Lawrence Kohlberg, Jean Piaget, Erik Erikson
What are...
Kohlberg - moral reasoning development
Piaget - cognitive development
Erikson - psychosocial development
The reason why the scientific attitude requires an open-minded humility
What is the ability to recognize errors in your own ideas?
An associative relationship in which two variables increase together or decrease together represents
What is positive correlation?
Studies of monkeys raised with artificial mothers suggest that mother-infant emotional bonds result primarily from mothers providing infants with
What is contact comfort?
DOUBLE POINTS!!
Name ALL 6 divisions of the nervous system
What are central and peripheral;
somatic and autonomic;
sympathetic and parasympathetic
Piaget's stages of development (in order)
What are sensorimotor, preoperational, concrete operational, and formal operational?