Chapter 1
Represents the use of microbes and their metabolic reactions for human purposes.
What is biotechnology?
One of the 5 Is of microbiology and related to the separation of colonies on a solid medium.
What is isolation?
Organisms that don't contain nucleus and organelles.
What are prokaryotes?
Organelles responsible for ATP synthesis through cellular respiration.
What are mitochondria?
The only type of microscope that can be used to observe viruses.
Medium that only allows certain microbial species to grow while inhibiting the growth of others.
What is selective medium?
Dormant structure that bacteria form under starvation and is considered the most resistant microbial form.
What is endospore?
Organelle involved in protein synthesis and transport.
What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Viruses without an envelope.
What are naked viruses?
Field of biotechnology related to the modification of microbial genes to allow the production of hormones, vaccines, etc.
What is genetic engineering?
Series of practices or procedures that aim to minimize or eliminate the introduction of unwanted microbes.
What is aseptic technique?
Major component of the bacterial cell wall.
What is peptidoglycan?
Eukaryotic organism with cell walls and are considered to be major decomposers in the environment.
What are fungi?
Type of viruses that replicate in the nucleus of the cell.
What are DNA viruses?
British physician and a pioneer in the use of aseptic technique in medical procedures.
Who is Joseph Lister?
Staining technique that uses Crystal violet, iodine, alcohol and safranin.
What is Gram stain?
Place in the bacterial cell where most of the ATP is produced through cellular respiration.
What is cell/plasma/cytoplasmic membrane?
Eukaryotic organisms that are unicellular and lack cell walls.
What are protozoa?
Stage of viral multiplication associated with destruction of the capsid within the cell.
What is uncoating?
German scientist responsible for showing that bacteria can change to a much more resistant form called endospore.
Who is Ferdinand Cohn?
A microbial medium in which all chemical components are known.
What is synthetic medium?
Lipid found in the cell wall of Mycobacteria that confers more impermeability to dyes and resistance to acid.
What is mycolic acid?
Structure found in the cytoplasm of a cell that is responsible for anchoring organelles and for changes in cell shape.
What is cytoskeleton?
When a temperate phage introduces a new trait into a bacterial strain and can make it more pathogenic.
What is lysogenic conversion?