Microbes
when a microbe lives within a multicellular organism and provides beneficial functions.
Lipids have a hydro-______ head and a hydro-_____ tail.
hydrophilic head; hydrophobic tail
True or False: Gram positive bacteria have a thinner peptidoglycan layer and a LPS layer.
False
Treatments that disrupt the integrity of the cell wall causes-
osmolysis/cell to lyse
Prokaryotes lack a ________ and do not have ______ _______ organelles.
nucleus; membrane bound
DNA pairs its complementary bases (A-T and G-C) using what kind of bonds?
hydrogen bonds
Bacterial cells contain a ______ region with surrounding ribosomes.
nucleoid
In a bacterial cell, the genome is replicated bidirectionally from the origin, then separates into 2 identical cells. This is called-
binary fission
What is the purpose of Koch's postulates?
To find the causative agent of a disease.
True or False: Molecules that are LARGE or CHARGED can not pass through the lipid bilayer freely.
True
Chemotaxis involves a cell rotating _______ toward an attractant, and _______ to stop motion and the cell tumbles.
counterclockwise; clockwise
What are the 2 subunits of a ribosome and what do ribosomes do?
Large 50S and small 30S subunits; ribosomes are responsible for making an amino acid sequence during translation that dictate the function of proteins. (protein synthesis)
Is a virus a eukaryote or a prokaryote?
Neither!
The unique properties of each amino acid determines how the protein _____, which determine the characteristics of the protein.
folds
The peptidoglycan cross-bridge formation is blocked by __________, which is a derivative of penicillin.
vancomycin
What is a latent infection? Give an example.
A latent infection is hidden or dormant, when the organsim is present but symptoms are not, and the disease can reappear.
Ex: herpes virus, VZV virus (shingles)