History
Psychology began as a science in the discipline of
a. philosophy
b. chemistry
c. biology
d. sociology
a. philosophy
According to ________ psychologists, your brain houses a "mind" whose mental processes allow you to remember, make decisions, plan, set goals, and be creative.
cognitive
______________ refers to a device that can detect the condition to which an operational definition refers
a. Operational definition
b. Measurement
c. Empirical method
d. Observational method
b. Measurement
When participants are given a survey to complete that is separate from the consent form which contains their name, the primary goal is:
A) debriefing
B) informed consent
C) protection of confidentiality
D) random assignment
C) protection of confidentiality
Which of the following is an example of behavior?
A) thinking of a family vacation
B) two people holding hands in a park
C) a student's memory of a motorcycle trip
D) a baby's feelings when his or her mother leaves the room
B) two people holding hands in a park
If you were a psychologist who adopted the structuralism approach, you would be interested in the ________ of the mind, using ________ as your primary research method.
a. functions; introspection
b. functions; stream of consciousness
c. structures; introspection
d. structures; stream of consciousness
c. structures; introspection
The ________ approach emphasizes a person's positive qualities, the capacity for positive growth, and the freedom to choose one's destiny.
humanistic
Which of the following is a reason to use correlational methods?
A) You are interested in if variable A causes Variable B
B) You are interested in observing variable A in a naturalistic setting
C) You are interested in the association between variable A and variable B, but it would be unethical to manipulate variable A
D) You want to test the effect of an intervention on variable B
C) You are interested in the association between variable A and variable B, but it would be unethical to manipulate variable A
The Institutional Review Board:
A) reviews research applications to ensure participants in a research study are protected against harm or injury.
B) conducts research using the guidelines outlined in the APA Code of Ethics.
C) debriefs research participants on full experimental procedures when deception is deemed necessary for the study.
D) monitors professionals in the field of psychology to ensure ethical principles are followed during counseling and teaching.
A) reviews research applications to ensure participants in a research study are protected against harm or injury.
Amelia, a researcher, conducts a study and finds that teenage boys in the country of Bodonia prefer to date fair-skinned girls and keep their relationships confidential. Michael, Amelia's colleague, tries to reproduce her study to see if he gets the same result. In this scenario, Michael's act illustrates
A) deception.
B) the principle of confidentiality.
C) natural selection.
D) replication.
D) replication.
Wilhelm Wundt was the founder of ________, whereas William James was the founder of ________.
structuralism; functionalism
The ________ approach emphasizes the scientific study of observable actions and/or responses and their environmental determinants.
behavioral/behaviorism
The subset of a population chosen by an investigator for study is a
sample
The APA code of ethics requires researchers who use animals to:
A) only use rats.
B) kill animals that are no longer needed.
C) minimize the animal’s discomfort.
D) rehabilitate animals after the experiment is complete.
C) minimize the animal’s discomfort.
Which of the following statements best defines critical thinking in psychology?
A) It is the process of accepting observed events as true.
B) It is the process of reflecting deeply, asking questions, and evaluating evidence.
C) It is a form of thinking intended to create something new and different.
D) It is a form of thinking that has been rejected by contemporary psychologists.
B) It is the process of reflecting deeply, asking questions, and evaluating evidence.
Who is considered the father of psychology?
a. Sigmund Freud
b. Wilhelm Wundt
c. Abraham Maslow
D. John Watson
b. Wilhelm Wundt
In his practice, Dr. Wagner stresses the role of unconscious processes and unresolved childhood conflicts that influence an individual's behavior. Dr. Wagner's belief aligns with the ________ approach to psychology.
psychodynamic
What is the first step of the scientific method?
Observe/Observe some phenomenon
Giving a participant full information about all aspects of an experiment after the participant has fulfilled their role in the experiment is referred to as:
A) deception
B) random assignment
C) informed consent
D) debriefing
D) debriefing
Name one of the four goals of psychology.
to describe, to explain, to predict, to influence/control
Which argument did not contribute to psychology’s philosophical roots?
a. All people benefit from a lifetime of learning.
b. Certain kinds of knowledge are innate and inborn.
c. Knowledge is acquired through experience.
d. The mind is what the body does.
a. All people benefit from a lifetime of learning.
Michelle, a researcher, conducts a study to investigate how people's hands sweat during stressful interviews. In this scenario, Michelle is most likely following the ________ approach to psychology.
biological
In experimental research, the ________ variable is a manipulated experimental factor, and the ________ variable is the outcome.
independent; dependent
Which ethical guideline refers to how participants should be given full descriptions about the procedures involved in a study and told they are free to withdraw at any time?
A) informed consent
B) protection of confidentiality
C) debriefing
D) deception
A) informed consent
What is the definition of psychology?
The scientific study of behavior and mental processes