Intro/History to Victimology
The study of crime victims
What is victimology?
A source of data administered by the Federal Bureau of Investigation (FBI)
What is the Uniform Crime Report (UCR)?
Theories to explain why structural disadvantage is a powerful predictor of crime
What is social disorganization theory/strain and anomie theory?
When victims and offenders are the same person
What is the victim-offender overlap?
The Stanford University offender who was sentenced for sexual assault
Who is Brock Turner?
This scholar pushed for more "general victimology" research
Who is Mendelsohn?
When only the most serious crime in an event is recorded
What is the hierarchy rule?
The core "criminological facts" concerning the demographic correlates of victimization
What are young male minority groups?
The repeated occurance of crime involving either the same person or the same location
What is repeat victimization?
The race/ethnicity that is disproportionately shown as offenders by the news media
Who are non-white offenders?
This theorist developed 13 typologies of victims
Who is von Hentig?
Crimes that are unreported to the police and unknown to researchers
What is the dark figure of crime?
Structural disadvantage
What are areas that are economically impoverished/racial or ethnic segregation/family disruption/residential turnover?
The three elements of routine activities theory
What is a 1) motivated offender, 2) a suitable target, and 3) absence of capable guardianship?
A consequences of inaccurate news media portrayals
What is fear/inaccurate public views of offenders/inaccurate public views of victims?
The earliest criminal code
What is the Code Of Hammurabi?
Allows us to see how crime and victimization changes over time or with a policy shift
What are trends?
A cultural component important to consider when people reside in economically deprived communities
What is an adaptation to structural constraints/adhering to the code of the streets?
The main idea is that people are more likely to be victimized because some situations and people are more "risky" than others
What is risky lifestyles theory?
The phenomenon where "crime" becomes a code word for "black"
What is the criminalblackman phenomenon?
Victim precipitated homicide (Wolfgang)
What are homicides where the victim was the first to use physical force?
The National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)
What is a self-report victimization survey?
An implication for victimization research as discussed by Pratt and Turanovic (2016)
What are better measures of key concepts in risky lifestyles theory? (example)
The perspective that claims victimization and offending are both spuriously related to some other cause
What is the population heterogeneity perspective?
The phenomenon that refers to the disproportionate media coverage associated with reporting missing persons on the news
What is the missing white woman syndrome?