Indications and Contraindications - EN
Short term enteral access is used for patients requiring:
a. EN support for up to 4-6 weeks
b. EN support for up to 90 days
c. EN support for < 2 weeks
d. EN support permanently
a. EN support for up to 4-6 weeks
Which of the following is a primary indication for parenteral nutrition support?
a. Functional gastrointestinal tract
b. Severe malnutrition with non-functional gastrointestinal tract
c. Short-term nutritional support
d. Mild electrolyte imbalance
b. severe malnutrition with non-functional gastrointestinal tract
What is the primary advantage of using a continuous feeding method over bolus feeding?
a. Reduced risk of aspiration
b. Increased patient mobility
c. Faster nutrient delivery
d. Easier to administer
a. reduced risk of aspiration
Which parameter is commonly monitored daily to assess hydration status in patients receiving enteral nutrition?
a. Weight
b. Capillary blood glucose
c. Fluid balance charts
d. Gastric residual volumes
c. fluid balance charts (input/output)
Your patient is receiving an isotonic, polymeric enteral feeding and the medication Propofol. You might be concerned about:
a. providing excess calories from the propofol
b. providing excess calories by using a polymeric formula
c. providing a regimen too high in osmolality
d. interference from the propofol with absorption of the elemental protein in the formula
a. providing excess calories from the propofol
Which of the following is a primary indication for enteral nutrition support?
a. Severe malabsorption
b. Functional gastrointestinal tract but inability to meet nutritional needs orally
c. Complete bowel obstruction
d. Severe electrolyte imbalance
b. functional GI tract but inability to meet nutrition needs orally.
What is the most appropriate indication for initiating parenteral nutrition in a critically ill patient?
a. Patient refusal of oral intake
b. Anticipated prolonged inability to use the gastrointestinal tract
c. Mild dehydration
d. Short-term fasting
b. anticipated prolonged inability to use the gastrointestinal tract
What is the most common complication associated with central venous catheter use in parenteral nutrition?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Infection
c. Electrolyte imbalance
d. Hypotension
b. infection (bacteria from the IV catheter can enter the bloodstream and lead to sepsis, a life-threatening complication).
What is the primary purpose of monitoring gastric residual volumes in patients receiving enteral nutrition?
a. To assess hydration status
b. To detect hyperglycemia
c. To evaluate gastric emptying and prevent aspiration
d. To monitor bowel function
c. to evaluate gastric emptying and prevent aspiration
In peripheral parenteral nutrition support, nutrient solutions should not exceed:
a. 900 mOsm/Liter
b. 1200 mOsm/Liter
c. 1500 mOsm/Liter
d. It does not matter
a. 900 mOsm/Liter
Which condition is a contraindication for enteral nutrition support?
a. Severe malnutrition
b. Functional gastrointestinal tract
c. High-output gastrointestinal fistula
d. Dysphagia
c. high-output gastrointestinal fistula
Which of the following is NOT a contraindication for parenteral nutrition?
a. Severe electrolyte imbalance
b. Functional gastrointestinal tract
c. Hemodynamic instability
d. Severe malnutrition with non-functional gastrointestinal tract
d. severe malnutrition with non-functional gastrointestinal tract
Which of the following is a common complication of enteral nutrition?
a. Hyperglycemia
b. Aspiration pneumonia
c. Hypotension
d. Hyperkalemia
a. aspiration pneumonia
It is unnecessary to monitor the position of a nasogastric tube before each feed, fluid, or medication administration.
True
False
False. The position of the tube should be evaluated before administration of formula, medication or fluids.
Recommendations for vitamins and minerals for TPN supported patients are lower that the respective DRIs because:
a. The vitamins and minerals provided do not have to go through the digestive and absorption process
b. The needs of TPN supported patients are lower than the RDAs
c.Vitamins and minerals are not required by TPN patients
d. The vitamins and minerals provided do have to go through the digestive and absorption process
a. the vitamins and minerals provided do not have to go through digestion and absorption
What is a contraindication for initiating enteral nutrition in a critically ill patient?
a. Hemodynamic instability
b. Functional gastrointestinal tract
c. Severe malnutrition
d. Dysphagia
a. hemodynamic instability
Which of the following conditions is an appropriate indication for total parenteral nutrition (TPN)?
a. Mild dehydration
b. short-term fasting
c. Severe pancreatitis with intolerance to enteral nutrition support
d. Functional gastrointestinal tract
c. severe pancreatitis with intolerance to enteral nutrition support
Which of the following is a common metabolic complication of parenteral nutrition?
a. Hypoglycemia
b. Hyperglycemia
c. Hyponatremia
d. Hypokalemia
b. hyperglycemia
Regular monitoring of triglyceride levels is necessary in patients receiving lipid-containing parenteral nutrition to prevent hyperlipidemia.
True
False
True
Which laboratory parameter is most commonly monitored to assess liver function in patients receiving parenteral nutrition?
a. Serum creatinine
b. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT)
c. Hemoglobin
d. Serum calcium
b. alanine aminotransferae (ALT)
Which of the following scenarios would most likely require withholding enteral nutrition?
a. Patient with severe malnutrition and a functional gastrointestinal tract
b. Patient with active gastrointestinal bleeding
c. Patient with mild dehydration
d. Patient with temporary inability to eat due to dental surgery
b. patient with active gastrointestinal bleeding
Which of the following scenarios would most likely require the initiation of parenteral nutrition?
a. A patient with a functional gastrointestinal tract who refuses to eat
b. A patient with severe burns and a non-functional gastrointestinal tract
c. A patient with mild electrolyte imbalance
d. A patient with a temporary inability to eat due to dental surgery
b. a patient with severe burns and a non-functional gastrointestinal tract.
What is the best initial management strategy for a patient experiencing hyperglycemia due to parenteral nutrition?
a. Increase the infusion rate
b. Administer insulin
c. Discontinue parenteral nutrition
d. Increase carbohydrate content
b. administer insulin
Which of the following is an important indicator to monitor for signs of infection in patients receiving parenteral nutrition?
a. Serum albumin
b. White blood cell count
c. Serum potassium
d. Blood urea nitrogen (BUN)
b. white blood cell count
What is the primary purpose of monitoring serum electrolytes in patients on parenteral nutrition?
a. To assess hydration status
b. To detect metabolic imbalances
c. To evaluate renal function
d. To monitor blood glucose levels
b. to detect metabolic imbalances