Digestion 1
Define Digestion
The mechanical and chemical processes whereby ingested food is converted into substances that can be absorbed by the intestinal tract and utilized by the body
The unit of measurement used for energy
Calorie
What is an enzyme?
Protein that speeds up chemical reactions
What is another name for the colon?
Large Intestine
One in how many women will develop a thyroid disorder at some time in her life?
Eight
The process by which nutrients and other substances are transferred from the digestive system into body fluids for transport throughout the body is called?
Absorption
Define Calorie
Measure of heat
One gram calorie represents the amount of heat needed to raise the temperature of one gram of water one degree Celsius
List two areas of the body that contain enzymes
Salivary glands
Stomach
Pancreas
Most of the nutrients is absorbed by this body part
Small intestine
When too little TH is released, the body's metabolic rate decreases, and the body slows down it is called?
How long does it take for most liquids pass through the stomach?
20 minutes
What are the 3 energy-requiring process categories in the body?
Basal Metabolism
Physical Activity
Thermogenesis
How many different enzymes participate in digestion the digestion process?
Over 100
Digestion and absorption of nutrients is greatly enhanced by the fingerlike projections in the intestinal wall called what?
villi
Why is the TH hormone so important?
The hormone also helps maintain blood pressure, regulates tissue growth and development and is critical for skeletal and nervous system development
It also plays an important role in the development of the reproductive system.
Which of the four: carbs, fat, protein, or fiber does not break down in the stomach?
Fiber
What is the single largest contributor to energy need that accounts for 60-70% of the total need for calories?
Basal Metabolism
What enzyme is produced in salivary glands and pancreas and breaks down starch into smaller chains of glucose molecules?
Amylase
This digestive order often happens due to diets that provide too little fiber?
Constipation
When too much TH is released, the body's metabolic rate increases, and your metabolism speeds up it is called?
Hyperthyroidism
Muscles that act as valves at the entrance and exit of the stomach make sure that food stays there until it is liquefied and ready for the small intestine are called what?
Sphincters
The Body needs energy for what five things?
Muscular activity
Growth
Tissue repair and maintenance
Chemically process nutrients
Maintain body temperature
What is the enzyme that breaks down fat?
Lipase
What is an ulcer?
Ulcers develop when the protective barrier formed by cells lining the stomach and duodenum (uppermost part of small intestine) is damaged from stomach acid
This disorder has antibodies turn the thyroid on, causing the thyroid gland to enlarge and overproduce TH
Grave's Disease