What can we determine from a Correlational design and why?
We can find only relationships because we measure two things that might be related but we cannot find cause and effect
100
What type(s) of people does Phase III include?
Sick and every kind of person that they want to market their drug to
100
How can human memories change?
Confabulation, Memory loss, or State dependent learning
100
This is either old memories blocking new memories or new memories blocking old memories.
Interference
100
What is contiguity and contingency
Contiguity is a relationship between time and event
Contingency is a prediction between the stimulus and the event
200
Describe Case Study (variables, number of subjects etc.)
Has at least one DV , but the overall amount is unlimited, sometimes one IV, but could have none, usually one subject, results/findings may vary
200
Describe the Pre-Clinical trials
You use the lowest possible animal and you are testing for efficacy and safety
200
Why is REM sleep important?
This is when your brain goes over the information of the day and works to build neurons and memory into the long term
200
What is habituation?
Learning to ignore outside stimuli
200
What is negative reinforcement?
Something you don't like to do is taken away, such as chores, because you did something good
300
What is the difference between Experimental Design and Quasi-Experimental?
Quasi-Experimental usually lacks something that makes it a complete experimental design, such as random assignment to group
300
Historically, why do we make sure that people read and sign the informed consent? What does it include?
It includes risks, benefits, the right to leave the study whenever
300
What are the three types of memory and briefly describe each.
Sensory Memory is based on our senses and stored in hippocampus, Short Term Memory (Active Memory) is in the hippocampus and needs to be worked on/practiced if you want to transfer it to long term, Long Term is in the cortex and could potentially last forever
300
What is sensitization?
An increase in the startle response
300
Operant Conditioning is based on what principle?
Learning to associate behavior and consequence
400
What is a spurious correlation?
It is when two variables look like they are related and could be cause and effect, but they are not.
400
What is Phase II trial all about?
Testing few sick people and looking for safety and efficacy
400
What is the Primacy, Recency, and Serial Position effect? How does knowing this help you study?
Primacy is remembering things at the beginning, Recency is remembering things at the end, and Serial Position Effect is forgetting things in the middle - knowing this can help you study by switching up your studying points of where you start and what direction you go
400
Schizophrenics cannot habituate. What will they likely do?
Focus on the noise, it seems like it's going to predict something awful, and then they act on their prediction and go crazy
400
How do you Counter Condition someone with a phobia?
You go through Biofeedback: Get them to relax by saying a word, then start by talking about the fear and gradually introduce them to it over time....or Flooding
500
Deep brain stimulation is becoming more popular as a long-term and effective treatment for Parkinson’s disease and other diseases that alter locomotor activity and even major depression. DBS is still reserved as a last possible option for those with Parkinson’s disease for several reasons. A 51-year-old female with a four year history of Parkinson’s disease was implanted with DBS in the anterior pallidal. Six months after the operation, it was found that the patient had significant improvements in overall function including tremor, dystonia, bradykinesia, and akinesia.What kind of research design does this represent?
Case Study
500
What are the organizations that we must go through to get our new drug approved? What are each one all about?
IRB is the review board for making sure that the research and tests are ethical , FDA is the review process that includes all of the trials , IACUC is for making sure that animal test subjects are treated well and fairly
500
What are the physiological changes made in the brain that occur during REM sleep?
Increase NMDA receptors, Increase spines on dendrites, increase release of glutamate (targets NMDA receptors) - NMDA receptors are located on spines increase number of spines increases the receptor number and decreases the size of the synapse for faster thinking
500
250 points for both teams!
wooooo!
500
What are the four components of classical conditioning?