Bonds
Name a bond
Covalent, Polar, Nonpolar, Hydrogen, Ionic, Chemical
What is a isotope?
Atoms with unequal number of protons and neutrons.
What is the smallest AND largest step in hierarchical organization?
An Atom and the Biosphere
What is water held together by?
Hydrogen Bonds!
What is a type of isomer?
Constitutional (Structural) and Stereoisomers (Geometric & Enantiomer)
3, why can't we have more?
What is the difference between a cation and an anion?
Both are ions!
Cation - positive charge (more protons than electrons)
Anion - negative charge (more electrons than protons)
Name the 4 macromolecules
Lipid, NA, Carbohydrate, Protein
What elements is Carbon compatible with?
- Name at least 2
C, O, H, N
Name all 3 of the BIOL105 MavPASS Leaders
Lillian, Ephrata, Sainabou
What do Ionic bonds and Covalent bonds create?
A new molecule!
Hydrogen bonds DON'T
What is the difference between atomic number and atomic mass?
Atomic # - # of protons
Atomic Mass - Protons + Neutrons Mass
(Why do we not include electrons?)
What are examples of a ecosystem?
Forest, Desert, Ocean, etc
What is cohesion? What is adhesion? What bond do they both use?
Cohesion- water stuck to water (co- think together, working together)
Adhesion - water molecules stuck to other polar molecules
Both use hydrogen bonds!
What bond binds carbohydrates?
glycosidic bonds
Is energy released or required when an electron is moving to a lower orbital?
Released! Think of the step drawing Dr Sorensen showed us.
So if an electron is moving to a higher orbital energy is required. We are moving away from the nucleus region.
Explain the Octet Rule
Non-reactive atoms have full valence energy shells. This is what all atoms try to achieve through bonds (unless it is a noble gas which already has a full shell).
Place the following in order from smallest to largest:
Species, Community, Population
Population, Species, Community
What is the difference between a saturated and unsaturated hydrocarbon?
Saturated - Having four other atoms bonded to a Carbon
Unsaturated - Having less than four other atoms bonded to Carbon (double/triple bonds)
What is happened in Dehyration Synthesis vs Hydrolysis?
Which one requires energy?
DS- removal of a OH (hydroxyl group) and H releasing a water molecule, requiring energy as it releases the water molecule. This forms a bond.
Hydrolysis- Addition of OH group to one molecule and a H to another to break a bond (again water). Energy is released! This breaks a bond.
Electronegativity!
Is O with an electronegativity of 3.5 and H with an electronegativity 2.1 a polar or nonpolar covalent bond?
Why?
Oxidation vs Reduction Reactions (Explain.)
Oxidation = loss of an electron
Reduction = gaining of an electron
(think I am REDUCING the charge/making it negative)
All individuals of the SAME species in the SAME place at the SAME time
Name at least 3 important properties of water
- High specific heat
- High heat of vaporization
- liquid water is more dense than solid water
- good polar solvent
- organizes nonpolar molecules
- can ionize
Name at least 2 functional groups...
Hydroxyl, Carbonyl, Carboxyl, Amino, Phosphate, Sulfhydrl, Methyl (nonpolar)