Definitions
A study design where groups are given training and then a common test
What is the T1-T2 Design?
This little boy was trained to wear his glasses through a process of positive reinforcement and not to throw them by being placed in his room.
Who is Dicky?
This type of reinforcement involves adding something to increase the likelihood of a behavior recurring.
What is positive reinforcement?
This letter denotes the rate of delay discounting.
What is k?
Expression of an extinguished response following the passage of time.
What is spontaneous recovery?
The time taken to exit the start box.
What is the latency?
This was used as a reward for two inactive schizophrenics.
What is sitting?
In operant conditioning, this term refers to the weakening of a behavior when something is taken away.
What is negative punishment?
The rate of delay discounting is this in addicts.
What is higher or faster?
A negative emotion that occurs when an expected reward is omitted for an instrumental response.
What is frustration?
When the value of a reward is determined in relation to previously trained rewards
What is the Crespi Contrast Effect?
Edward Thorndike's research with cats learning to escape from a puzzle box led to the formulation of this.
What is the law of effect?
This schedule of reinforcement delivers reinforcement after a fixed number of responses.
What is a fixed ratio schedule?
A technique used by researchers to study learning about the outcome in young children.
What is outcome satiation or outcome devaluation?
An addict may relapse because of this when they go home from rehab.
What is renewal?
When the introduction of an extrinsic reward weakens strong intrinsic motivation that drove high performance
What is the overjustification effect?
Tinklepaugh studied this in monkeys by observing their reactions on a delayed response task.
What is expectancy violation?
This term describes the reinforcement of successive approximations to a desired behavior until the target behavior is achieved.
What is shaping?
The ideal or preferred distribution of behaviors when there are no limitations and the individual can do whatever they want.
What is the behavioral bliss point?
According to this theory, during intermittent reinforcement, the memory of nonreward becomes a cue for performing the instrumental response.
What is sequential theory?
When depreciation of the value of a reward occurs in relation to the time that it takes to be released
What is delayed discounting?
When a stimulus trained with outcome A selectively promotes an instrumental response trained with outcome A but not outcome B.
What is outcome-mediated transfer?
This reinforcement schedule delivers reinforcement after an unpredictable number of responses.
What is a variable ratio schedule?
They are the ABCs of a functional analysis.
What are antecedents, behavior, and consequents?
During extinction of an instrumental response, responding declines but also becomes this.
What is more variable?