Skin conditions
This nail condition can be caused by trimming cuticles and picking at hangnails.
What is Paronychia
This is an infection that has happened while patient was at the hospital
What is HAI or Hospital acquired infection
This oxygen device can deliver precise Fi02 (Fraction of inspired Oxygen) or the percentage of oxygen.
What is Venturi Mask
Delivers 24-60% and 2-15 L/min
This is the Drainage max for one hour for a chest tube
What is 70 ml/hour
Look in your Fundamentals of Nursing book on page 960-962 for chest tube. Monitor chest tube drainage system to ensure constant gentle bubbling in the suction chamber
Do not strip the tube, instead pinch the clot to get them to move through
This is the best way to determine the need for Oxygen
ABGs
Arterial Blood Gases
pH too high (alkalosis) can be caused by breathing too fast (Hyperventilation)
pH too low (acidosis) can be caused by difficulty breathing
Hormonal changes such as pregnancy, birth control pills, antibiotics, uncontrolled blood sugars, and long term steroid use all can be causes for this condition
What is Candidiasis, or Yeast Infection.
Treatment includes Nystatin
If vaginal, tablets or cream of 1,3, or 7 day treatments. A prescription of Diflucan (fluconazole) is a pill that can also help if more severe
Disseminated shingles makes you in these precautions
What are contact and airborne
This oxygen delivery system is great for those who can not tolerate a form fitted mask. However, the amount of oxygen delivered can not be determined
What is a face tent
Good for humidification of air entering the body but not good if patient needs a certain amount of oxygen
This is the difference between Pneumothorax and Hemothorax
What is one has air and the other is blood that is causing the lung to collapse
This is an emergency and a late sign is when an asthmatic suddenly stops wheezing but no other change in their oxygen saturation
What is Status Asthmaticus
Extreme wheezing, distended neck veins, use of accessory muscles, labored breathing.
Interventions include preparing for emergency intubation, and IV fluids, bronchodilators, oxygen
Interventions such as elevate 3-6 inches above the heart, compression therapy, and cold packs can help this condition, along with antibiotics
What is Cellulitis
These are the elements of this type of precaution
•Hand hygiene
•Use of gloves and other barriers•Proper handling of patient care equipment and linen•Environmental control•Prevention of injury from sharp devices and needles•Patient placementWhat are Standard Precautions
Watch for this if a patient on a high flow oxygen system starts to become increasingly short of breath and restless
Treatment of this disease is to
•remove scales and stop skin cells from growing so quickly.
•Topical ointments•light therapy•Medication (Enbrel)—reduces inflammation and immune responseWhat is Psoriasis
Non contagious but no cure. This condition is an autoimmune disease that can be associated with arthritis. PA
A COPD patient that speaks in short jerky sentences, sits in orthopneic position, usually thin and barrel chested is referred to as this
What is a pink puffer
A blue bloater is a COPD patient who has a dusky/cyanotic appearance, has a chronic cough, clubbing in fingernails, edema, and can have right sided heart failure
This occurs 3-12 weeks after initial exposure. Symptoms include skipped beats, Meningitis, facial palsy, weakness
Stage II Lyme disease
Bullseye rash is between 3-30 days after the bite. Stage 1 erythema migrans (red or purple rash)common with Lyme disease, headache, stiff neck, low grade fever symptoms
Stage 3 happens months to years after exposure and can result in cognitive issues, arthritis, heart problems and nerve issues
This precaution is for flu, pneumonia, meningitis, and pertussis,
What is Droplet
Easy way to remember is Pimp my ride like when you drop your low rider.
P - Pertussis
I- Influenza
M - Meningitis
P - Pneumonia
This oxygen system is for those needing high flow oxygen. It delivers up to 90% 02 and has a valve between the mask and bag to prevent rebreathing exhaled air.
What is a non-rebreather
It is used for those waiting to be intubated
These are 4 teaching points for Pressure Injury prevention
Use lifting techniques so we are not having shearing forces when repositioning
Encourage protein and fluid intake to maintain healthy skin
Turn and reposition every 2 hours while awake
Elevate edematous extremities to prevent tissue damage
Float heels
Pad oxygen tubing spots that rub against skin
This is the only way to definitively diagnose TB
What is sputum culture
Nurse should never touch the inside of the sputum cup, when patient has been able to produce some sputum into the cup, send to lab quickly
This medication, topical, is used on Impetigo blisters using this technique
What is Mupirocin and is applied to the lesions several times daily for 5-7 days. Lesions are first soaked or washed with soap solution to remove the central site of bacterial growth. After the crust is removed, the cream can be applied. Use gloves.
If condition becomes systemic, fever- Can use PCN, Docycycline, amoxicillin
These three conditions require Airborne Precautions, which require a Negative Pressure Room
What are Measles, TB, and Varicella
An easy way to remember this is On Air with MTV
Airborne precautions MTV Measles, TB, and Varicella
This machine is used to deliver oxygen especially at night. It delivers the same amount of air pressure at all times.
What is a CPAP
Continuous Positive Airway Pressure device.
A BiPAP (bilevel positive airway pressure) delivers a higher pressure when breathing in and less when exhaling. Used after CPAP no longer is effective. Works better for those who can not exhale through the higher pressure. Like COPD, or severe sleep apnea.
Teach not to over wash this condition that is a chronic puritis condition associated with an elevated serum IgE (antibody associated with the immune system) and histamine release
What is Atopic Dermatitis or Eczema
No cure
Emollients (moisturizers ) used every day will help.
Topical corticosteroids creams and ointments reduce inflammation and redness.
Antihistamines such as cetirizine
It is a form of extreme dry skin, so over washing the area would make this worse.
Use humidifier in winter months. And use moisterizers following bathing to keep the moisture in
This medication can be used for both short and long acting to help with asthma symptoms. They inclue Beta 2 antagonists, anticholinergics, and sometimes corticosteroids
What are Bronchodilators
Beta 2 agonists (SABA) short term - albuterol
Beta 2 agonists (LABA) long term - Symbicort, Serevent, Advair
Anticholinergics- Ipratropium
Corticosteroids - Flovent, Pulmicort