Enzymes
in an enzymatic reaction (reactions involving enzymes), another name for a reactant is?
substrate
These are the two types of chemical rxns based on whether they absorb or release heat
endothermic rxn
exothermic rxn
what are the three parts of ATP?
a nitrogen base called adenine
a sugar ring called ribose
three phosphate groups
two type of data that scientists observe
quantitative and qualitative
what part of the cell makes proteins?
ribosomes
this is the amount of energy needed to start a rxn
activation energy
chemical rxns that absorb more energy than they release are called?
endothermic rxns
what part of the ATP/ADP cycle is recycled?
ADP
The aspects of an experiment that are held consistent through all trials
Constants
which cell organelle releases cell energy from food?
mitochondria
a. product
b. analyst
c. reactant
d. substrate
e. catalyst
C. Catalyst
An increase in temperature results in
a. a decrease in the required activation energy
b. an increase in the reaction rate
c. a decrease in rate of the reaction
d. an increase in both the reaction rate and activation energy
B. an increase the reaction rate
energy is released from an ATP molecule for cell processes when it
a. converts a phosphate to an ADP
b. attaches an extra phosphate group
c. loses a phosphate group
d. produces a sugar molecule
c. loses a phosphate group
These are the groups that are being tested in an experiment
experimental
this process occurs when the cell uses energy to bring something in from outside of the cell
endocytosis
the molecule that an enzyme binds to is known as
substrate
what are the two key biochemical reactions we talked about and which type of reactions are they?
photosynthesis-endothermic rxn
cell respiration-exothermic rxn
where does your body get the energy to reattach a third phosphate to ADP to create ATP?
a. from the sun
b. usually from carbs
c. from nucleic acids
d. from breaking ATP
B. usually from carbs
insulation, long term energy storage, and cell membrane structure are functions of which type of macromolecule?
lipid
In which phase of the cell cycle is genetic material replicated/duplicated?
S phase of interphase
Identify the products in this enzymatic reaction
6H2O + 6 CO2 -> C6H12O6 + O2
a. 6H2O + 6 CO2
b. 6 CO2 + O2
c.C6H12O6 + O2
d. 6H2O + C6H12O6
C. C6H12O6 + O2
what are the 5 factors that affect the rate of a chemical rxn
temperature
pH
concentration of substrates
catalyst
competitive inhibitors
what is the name of the process in which ATP is formed
cell respiration
For each macromolecule below, what is its monomer.
Carbohydrate
Lipids
Protein
Nucleic acids
1. monosaccharide
2. fatty acid and glycerol
3. amino acids
4. nucleotides
Which of the following is true about cytokinesis in plant and animal cells?
A. Plant cells form cleavage furrows; Animal cells form cell plates
B. Plant cells form cell plates; Animal cells form cleavage furrows
C. Plant and animal cells form cleavage furrows
D. Plant and animal cells form cell plates
B