Chapter 6
Name all 4 types of schedule reinforcement. What schedule of reinforcement is the most resistant to extinction?
Fixed ratio, variable ratio(most resistant to extinction), fixed interval, and variable interval
Describe the process of memory. Hint: There are 3 processes.
Encoding: Getting information into memory.
Storage: Retaining information over time.
Retrieval: Taking information out of storage.
What are the 4 attachment styles? Briefly describe them.
Secure: Comfortable with closeness and independence; trusts others.
Avoidant: Avoids intimacy; prefers emotional distance and self-reliance.
Ambivalent (anxious): Craves closeness but fears rejection; often clingy or uncertain.
Disorganized: Lacks a clear pattern; mixes fear, confusion, and inconsistent behavior in relationships.
What type of classical conditioning uses one trial learning?
Taste aversion
Retroactive interference vs. Proactive interference.
Retroactive interference: Material that was learned later disrupts the retrieval of information that was learned earlier.
Proactive interference: Material that was learned earlier disrupts the recall of material that was learned later.
Name and describe all 4 parenting styles. Which is the BEST overall?
Authoritarian: parents are controlling and punitive
Authoritative (BEST): parents encourage independence with limits
Neglectful: parents are uninvolved
Permissive/indulgent: parents are involved, but place few limits
What is classical conditioning? Use Pavlov's dog experiment in your explanation.
Definition: In classical conditioning, organisms learn the association between two stimuli. As a result of this association, organisms learn to anticipate events
UCS: food
UCR: dog salivates
CS: bell
CR: dog salivates
Pick 2: Amygdala, hippocampus, frontal lobes, temporal lobes, or cerebellum
Describe their function in relation to memory.
Amygdala: emotional associations & emotional memories
Hippocampus: involved in the creation of new memories, explicit memories, priming
Frontal lobes: episodic memory
Temporal lobes: explicit memory & priming
Cerebellum: implicit memory
Name and describe all 3 temperaments of children.
Easy child: generally is in a positive mood, quickly establishes regular routines in infancy, and easily adapts to new experiences
Difficult child: tends to react negatively and cry frequently, engages in irregular daily routines, and is slow to accept new experiences
Slow-to-warm-up child: has a low activity level, is somewhat negative, is inflexible, and is very cautious in the face of new experiences