Legal Terms
Pharmacology
Vascular/Cardiac Equipment/Instrumentation
Anatomy and Physiology
Procedures
100
How does battery differ from assault?
Battery is the actual act of harmful or unwarranted contact with a person, including contact without proper consent, whereas assault can occur without physical contact.
100
Define pharmacodynamics
The study of the interaction of drug molecules with the target cells of living tissue
100
What suture size is typically used for the aorta?
The aorta typically uses a 3-0 or 4-0 suture.
100
What are the three layers of the heart wall?
The epicardium (outer layer, involves the visceral layer of the pericardium which is the fluid filled sac that surrounds the heart), myocardium (middle muscle layer), and endocardium (innermost layer of the heart wall, lines the chambers of the heart)
100
What is the primary function of a pacemaker?
To provide electrical stimulation to the heart when needed
200
How can the surgical team prevent performing the wrong procedure on a patient?
The surgical team prevents errors by confirming the correct site, side, and procedure through a series of checks, including chart reviews, diagnostic tests, and a final "time-out" before the surgery begins.
200
True or false: Adding epinephrine to lidocaine is an example of a synergistic agent
False; it is an additive agent as it prolongs the effect of the lidocaine by causing vasoconstriction rather than increase the strength of the lidocaine
200
Which is the Cooley and which is the Debakey?
A is the Debakey, B is the Cooley
200
Which layer of the heart wall is responsible for contracting and forcing blood from the chambers of the heart?
Myocardium
200
What knife does the surgeon use to extend the incision from a median sternotomy with the sternal saw to the umbilicus?
#10 knife blade
300
True or False: Respondeat superior means that an employer is legally responsible for the actions of an employee.
True. Translates to “let the master answer”.
300
Where would a provider inject an intrathecal medication?
The arachnoid space
300
This is a Potts-Smith and it is used to widen the arteriotomy/venotomy during vascular surgery.
300
True or false: the ventricles have thicker myocardia compared to the atria?
True; the myocardia of the atria only have to pump blood to the ventricles, whereas the ventricles have to pump blood out of the heart. This is also why the myocardia on the left is thicker than the right, as the left side of the heart is responsible for pumping blood to the entire body, whereas the right only pumps to the lungs.
300
What is the purpose of the Javid or Sundt shunt during carotid endarterectomy?
To divert cerebral blood flow and prevent ischemia during surgery
400
What does res ipsa loquitur mean?
It means “The thing speaks for itself,” referring to cases where harm is clearly caused by something under the defendant’s sole control.
400
What kind of drug would be considered a Class IV controlled substance?
Benzodiazepines i.e. Ativan (lorazepam), Valium (diazepam), Xanax (alprazolam), Klonopin (clonazepam)
400
What is a caliper?
A type of measuring instrument
400
At what point in the conduction system is the action potential slowed?
The AV node
400
What technique is used to anastomose the proximal saphenous vein to the aorta?
End-to-side fashion using size 6-0 polypropylene sutures.
500
True or False: The doctrine of the reasonably prudent person establishes a legal standard based on how a typical individual in a community would act.
False. The reasonable person is not a typical person but a collection of the community’s judgment about how the regular community member should behave in situations that might pose a threat of harm to the public. The tendency for most people within a community to act in a certain way does not simply establish a standard of conduct.
500
If the patient is experiencing vomiting, laryngospasm, hypertension, and/or tachycardia, which stage of anesthesia are they in?
Stage II, excitement or delirium (also known as the anything weird stage)
500
100 points for each instrument you can name from this picture:
(A) DeBakey tangential occlusion clamp, (B) DeBakey vascular clamp for aortic aneurysm, (C) Lambert-Kay vascular clamp for aortic anastomosis, (D) DeBakey peripheral vascular clamp, (E) Cooley peripheral vascular clamp Selected peripheral vascular instruments: (F) Glover bulldog peripheral vascular clamp, (G) DeBakey patent ductus and peripheral vascular clamp.
500
Where is the primary "pacemaker of the heart" located?
Myocardium
500
What postoperative complications might arise after an embolectomy?
Postoperative complications can include surgical site infection (SSI), vasospasm, puncture of the artery causing hemorrhage, and incomplete restoration of blood flow, requiring further surgery.