Chapter 9
What is reduced in fermentation?
pyruvate
Where is oxygen created within photosynthesis?
Light reactions
How long is interphase in total?
19-23
Within alteration of generations, what is the haploid called and what is the diploid called?
Gametophyte; sporophyte
ATP drives _____ reactions. _______ reactions form ATP.
Endergonic; exergonic.
What is the primary pigment and what are the accessory pigments.?
Chlorophyll A
Chlorophyll B + carotenoids
How much DNA comprises one chromatid?
One long, coiled DNA molecule
What is separated in Anaphase 1?
Homologous pairs
What is the output for 1 molecule of pyruvate?
1 NADH
1CO2
1 Acetyl CoA
What is reduced in the calvin cycle? What is it reduced into? What is used to drive this reduction?
CO2; CH2O; ATP and NADPH
When do chromosomes become visible?
Prophase 1
What does random alignment include?
Homologous chromosomes line up at metaphase plate independently of other chromosomes
Where do the electron carriers come from and how many come from each?
2 NADH from glycolysis
2 NADH from pyruvate oxidation
6 NADH from citric acid cycle
2 FADH2 from citric acid cycle
How many carbon dioxides enter the calvin cycle?
Three
What is the G2 checkpoint influenced by?
Cell size
DNA Damage
DNA Replication
DNA that has undergone crossing over and is no longer identical to parental chromosome is called...
Recombinant DNA
What does fermentation regenerate?
NAD+
Where is the spatial seperation within C4 plants?
Mesophyll cell and bundle sheath cell
What is involved when cells require a surface for division?
Anchorage Dependence
What is the products of meiosis?
4 genetically different, haploid daughter cells.