Bone - Anatomy
What bones are axial? Appendicular?
Axial - bones of the head and trunk of vertebrae
Appendicular - bones that support the appendages/organs
What are the two types of ossification? What is the difference?
Endochondral and Intramembranous
What type of articulation is the tooth?
Gomphosis
Bone cells & function
osteoblast, osteocyte, osteoclast
What type of bone is honeycomb - like?
Spongy/cancellous bone
What is the 1st and 2nd vertebrae called?
What hormone is released when there is increase of calcium in the blood?
Calcitonin
What connects the fibula and tibia? What type of joint/articulation is this?
Interosseus membrane; Syndesmosis
What are lamellar bone?
Mature bone in sheets
What is the difference of acromegaly and gigantism?
Gigantism - childhood
Acromegaly - adults
8 carpal bones
Scaphoid, lunate, triquestrum, pisiform, trapezium, trapezoid, capitate, hamate
What type of cartilage is the epiphyseal plate?
Hyaline
What forms the pelvic bone?
Pubic symphysis
What blood vessels run perpendicular?
Volkmann's canal
What causes cleft palate?
Paired mandibles aren't fused
How many pared bones are there? What are they?
8 - temporal, parietal, maxilla, palatine, zygomatic, nasal, lacrimal, inferior nasal concha
What are the zones in the growth of length? What is happening in each zone?
Reserve, proliferation, hypertrophy, calcification, and ossification
What are the 3 types of arthritis? What are the differences?
Osteoarthritis
Rheumatoid Arthritis
Gout
What is composed of concentric lamellae?
Trabeculae
What is yellow and red bone marrow?
Yellow marrow - fat
Red marrow - hematopoetic cells
What bone(s) do not articulate with any bones? What is its function?
Hyoid - swallowing and speech
hematoma, soft callus, hard callus, bone
What type of joint is the knee?
Complex ellipsoid joint
What consists in the inorganic and organic matrix?
Inorganic - hydroxyapatite
Organic - collagen and proteoglycans
Function of the ligamentum nuchae?
Keeps the head erect