Pluera
Name the components of the lower airway
Trachea, bronchi, bronchial tree, alveolar ducts
IRV + TV
Inspiratory Capacity, The amount of air that an individual can maximally inhale from a resting expiratory level
What are the PRIMARY muscles of inspiration?
Diaphragm, external intercostals, internal intercostals
Internal interchondral intercostal
The passive forces of respiration
Intra-abdominal pressure, elastic recoil, gravity, torque
This is where gas exchange occurs
Alveoli
Volume of air remaining in body after tidal exhalation
Functional Reserve Capacity
FRC= ERV+ TV
Of the intercostals, name the muscles used for INSPIRATION
external and interchondral intercostals
Name the most superficial abdominal muscle:
External oblique
Force that causes an object to rotate about an axis
What is torque? Rotates chondral portion of ribs around their longitudinal axis
T or false: the diaphragm contracts, and the lungs expand in a vertical dimension
False. horizontal
ERV + TV + IRV
Vital Capacity
T or F: when the diaphragm contracts, there is less pressure inside the lungs than outside
true
contraction = inhalation = bigger lungs = more volume= less pressure
What is the function of the plueral lining?
To provide a friction free lining in between the ribs and the lungs
Stretching of the lung tissue creates a force and there is an equal and opposite force that acts upon the lungs during expiration
Elastic recoil
Function of surfactant?
Is found in between costal and visceral pluera, reduces surface tension, slippery fluid
The air we manipulate + residual air
Total lung capacity
Name the secondary muscles of inspiration
Dorsal thorax, ventral thorax, neck muscles
Name at least 5 components of the lower airway
Trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, alveolar ducts, alveolar sacs, alveoli, lungs: lobar segmentation, mediastinum, and pleura
This is measured in Pascals (Pa) or pounds per square inch (psi)
What are the two types of pluera? Where are they found?
Costal/parietal pluera = inner surface of the rib cage
Visceral pluera = outside/surface of lungs
Amount remaining in lungs after maximum exhalation
Residual volume
T or F: External intercostals are absent near sternum in chondral portion
True
I am used for expiration and am absent in the sternum.
External intercostal
What is boyle's law? How relate to respiration?
States that pressure and volume have an inverse relationship, relates to lung pressure and volumes of air in lungs during inspiration vs expiration