Stress, Lifestyle, and Health
Part 1
Part 1
Three-stage model of the body’s physiological reactions to stress and the process of stress adaptation: alarm reaction, stage of resistance, and stage of exhaustion
General Adaptation Syndrome
military combat, threatened or actual physical assaults (e.g., physical attacks, sexual assault, robbery, childhood abuse), terrorist attacks, natural disasters
Traumatic events
belief that is contrary to reality and is firmly held, despite contradictory evidence
delusion
authoritative index of mental disorders and the criteria for their diagnosis; published by the American Psychiatric Association (APA)
DSM
therapeutic orientation that employs principles of learning to help clients change undesirable behaviors
behavior therapy
judgment about the degree of potential harm or threat to well-being that a stressor might entail
primary appraisal
strategies used in everyday problem-solving: they typically involve identifying the problem, considering possible solutions, weighing the costs and benefits of these solutions, and then selecting an alternative
Problem-focused
unstable in self-image, mood, and behavior; cannot tolerate being alone and experiences chronic feelings of emptiness; unstable and intense relationships with others; behavior is impulsive, unpredictable, and sometimes self-damaging; shows inappropriate and intense anger; makes suicidal gestures
Borderline personality disorder
experiencing a profoundly traumatic event leads to a constellation of symptoms that include intrusive and distressing memories of the event, avoidance of stimuli connected to the event, negative emotional states, feelings of detachment from others, irritability, proneness toward outbursts, hypervigilance, and a tendency to startle easily; these symptoms must occur for at least one month
PTSD
Lexapro, Zoloft, Prozac
antidepressants
scientific area of study seeking to identify and promote those qualities that lead to happy, fulfilled, and contented lives
Positive Psychology
consists of efforts to change or reduce the negative emotions associated with stress
Emotion-focused
often lies, fights, and has problems with the law; impulsive and fails to think ahead; can be deceitful and manipulative in order to gain profit or pleasure; irresponsible and often fails to hold down a job or pay financial debts; lacks feelings for others and remorse over misdeeds
Antisocial personality disorder
characterized by a continuous state of excessive, uncontrollable, and pointless worry and apprehension
Generalized Anxiety Disorder
type of biomedical therapy that involves using an electrical current to induce seizures in a person to help alleviate the effects of severe depression
electroconvulsive therapy (ECT)
Set of structures found in both the limbic system (hypothalamus) and the endocrine system (pituitary gland and adrenal glands) that regulate many of the body’s physiological reactions to stress through the release of hormones
hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis
Field that studies how psychological factors (such as stress) influence the immune system and immune functioning
psychoneuroimmunology
childhood disorder characterized by inattentiveness and/or hyperactive, impulsive behavior
ADHD
suggests that people with a predisposition for a disorder (a diathesis) are more likely to develop the disorder when faced with stress; model of psychopathology
Stress-diathesis model
form of psychotherapy that aims to change cognitive distortions and self-defeating behaviors
cognitive-behavioral therapy
Judgment of options available to cope with a stressor and their potential effectiveness
secondary appraisal
Losing your keys, Getting stuck in traffic, Answering annoying emails
Daily hassles
mood disorder characterized by mood states that vacillate between depression and mania
Bipolar disorder
severe disorder characterized by major disturbances in thought, perception, emotion, and behavior with symptoms that include hallucinations, delusions, disorganized thinking and behavior, and negative symptoms
Schizophrenia
a type of talking therapy. It's based on cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), but it's specially adapted for people who feel emotions very intensely.Well known for treating borderline personality disorder.
dialectical behavioral therapy (DBT)