Learning
This aspect of operant conditioning increases the probability of a response
What is reinforcement?
Visual receptors that perceive color
What are cones?
The mental process of making meaning of sensory information
What is perception?
A memorization method that begins with distilling large pieces of information into smaller pieces or units
What is chunking?
A unit of sound
What is a phoneme?
This reinforcement schedule occurs when a reinforcement is given for a response emitted after a specific amount of time (such as after each hour and a half)
What is fixed interval schedule?
The structure of the ear that contains the receptors for hearing
What is the cochlea?
The minimal stimulus necessary for detection
What is the absolute threshold?
For example, the ability to only remember the first two items and the last two items on a list while the middle items are forgotten
What is the serial position effect?
A unit of meaning
When a behavior that is believed to be extinct (the conditioned behavior has disappeared or stopped occurring when the stimulus is present) unexpectedly and quickly returns after a period of rest or lessened response
What is spontaneous recovery?
The theory of pitch that suggests that pitch is determined by the specific location where hair cells are stimulated
What is the place theory of pitch?
Refers to the fact that our peceptions of the size of objects are relatively constant despite the fact that the size of objects on the retina vary greatly with distance
What is size constancy?
In order to try to remember an event, you go to the place where it happened, at the same time of day, wearing the same clothes and thinking about the same things
What is encoding specificity?
The ability to combine words into new sentences
What is productivity?
Responding to the reinforcement that you saw someone else receive
What is vicarious reinforcement?
The part of the eye where light waves first enter
What is the cornea?
The smallest noticeable change in a stimulus
What is the just noticeable difference (jnd)?
The three parts of the information-processing model
What is sensory memory, short-term memory, and long-term memory?
A brain mechanism that helps language acquisition
What is the language acquisition device?
The principle that responses followed by a reinforcer become more likely to recur
What is the law of effect?
The location in the brain where a stimulus for your sense of smell travels to
What is the olfactory bulb?
A reduction in sensitivity to a stimulus after constant exposure to it
What is sensory adaptation?
The process by which a temporary, labile memory is transformed into a more stable, long-lasting form
What is consolidation?
Language problem when someone speaks fluently and grammatically, but has trouble remembering nouns and has trouble understanding speech
What is Wernicke's aphasia?