Neuro
A nurse is assessing a 4-month-old infant who has meningitis. Which of the following manifestations should the nurse expect to find?
A. Depressed anterior fontanel
B. Constipation
C. High pitched Cry
D. Presence of the rooting reflex
What is the allergy contradiction that must be confirmed prior to giving a child a vaccination?
eggs
Define a VSD and the signs and symptoms of your patient
left to right shunting- a hole in the septum between the right and left ventricle that results in increased pulmonary blood flow
murmur, heart failure
A nurse is assessing a child who has short stature. Which of the following findings should the nurse identify as a manifestation of a growth hormone deficiency?
A. Delayed or altered dentition
B. Height proportionally greater than weight
C. Oversized jaw
D. Early-onset puberty
What is the most common bacterial skin infection in children?
Impetigo
Honey crusted lesions
staphylococcus
tx: topical abx ointment
What diagnostic testing and physical assessment findings are completed with suspected meningitis?
Blood cultures
CBC
CSF analysis- LP
Brudzinkski and Kernigs sign
What muscle is appropriate to give a 9 year old a vaccination in?
What muscle is appropriate to give a 9 month old a vaccination in?
- deltoid muscle
-vastus lateralis
What are the hallmark signs of a coarctation of the aorta?
A narrowing of the lumen of the aorta, usually at or near the ductus arteriosus, that results in obstruction of blood flow from the ventricle.
Elevated blood pressure in the arms
Bounding pulses in the upper extremities
Decreased blood pressure in the lower extremities
Cool skin of lower extremities
Weak or absent femoral pulses
Heart failure in infants
Dizziness, headaches, fainting, or nosebleeds in older children
A nurse is caring for a child who has short stature and is being evaluated for growth hormone deficiency. Which of the following diagnostic tests should the nurse anticipate including in the plan of care?
Select all that apply
A. DNA testing
B. CT of the head
C. GH stimulation test
D. Skeletal xrays
E. Serum IGF-1
Define each tinea:
capitis
corpis
cruris
pedis
ringworm of scalp, craddle cap
ringworm of body
jock itch
athletes foot
List risk factors for seizures- must have at least 3 on this list to obtain points
Some seizures have no known etiology
Febrile episode
Cerebral edema
Intracranial infection or hemorrhage
Brain tumors or cysts
Anoxia
Toxins or drugs
Lead poisoning
Tetanus, Shigella, or Salmonella
Metabolic conditions
Post op tonsillectomy : list the nurses priority action, warning signs of complication, and diet that should be encouraged
Positioning: elevate HOB
Assessment:
Assess for bleeding (frequent swallowing)
Assess airway- deep breathing
Assess comfort- provide pain medication
Diet:
Ice chips, ensure patient has a gag reflex before foods are started- avoid red colored foods, milk based products, and citrus
What are the four defects noted with tetralogy of fallot?
What are the signs and symptoms
Four defects that result in mixed blood flow: Pulmonary stenosis, ventricular septal defect, overriding aorta, right ventricular hypertrophy
Cyanosis at birth: progressive cyanosis over the first year of life
Systolic murmur
Episodes of acute cyanosis and hypoxia (blue or “Tet” spells)
A nurse is reviewing sick-day management with a parent of a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Select all that apply
A. Monitor blood glucose levels every 3 hours
B. Test urine for ketones
C. Call the provider if blood glucose is greater than 240
D. Drink 8 oz of fruit juice every hour
E. Discontinue taking insulin until feeling better
A nurse is monitoring the fluid replacement of a client who has sustained burns. The nurse should administer which of the following fluids in the first 24 hr following a burn injury?
A. Lactated ringers
B. 0.9% sodium chloride
C. D5 NaCL 0.9%
D. D5
What diagnostic test could be performed to determine whether or not cancer/mets have spread to the brain?
NOT imaging.
lumbar puncture
A nurse is assessing an infant who has manifestations of acute otitis media (AOM). Which of the following assessment data should the nurse identify as risk factors for otitis media?
Select all that apply
A. Breastfeeds without formula supplement
B. Immunizations are up to date
C. Attends day care 4 days per week
D. History of a cleft palate repair
E. Parents smoke cigarettes outside
A nurse is caring for an infant who has the following clinical manifestations: systolic murmur, wide pulse pressure, bounding pulses, and rales when auscultating the lungs. Which of the following congenital heart conditions should the nurse suspect?
A. Tetraology of Fallot
B. PDA
C. VSD
D. ASD
A nurse is caring for a child who has type 1 diabetes mellitus. The nurse should recognize that which of the following are manifestations of diabetic ketoacidosis?
A. Blood glucose 58
B. Weight Gain
C. Dehydration
D. Fruity breath
E. Mental confusion
A nurse is caring for an adolescent who has a moderate burn. Which of the following actions should the nurse take?
A. Maintain immobilization of the affected area
B. Encourage high protein and high calorie diet
C. Implement droplet precautions
D. Expose affected area to the air
What position do you pull the ear when placing ear drops into a childs ear?
Down and back
What form of isolation is used for a patient diagnosed with Rubeola?
Rubeola: measles- airborne precautions
A nurse is providing education to the parent of a child who has infective endocarditis. Which of the following statements by the parent indicates understanding of the teaching?
A. My child will need IV ABX for the next 7 days
B. I will need to let our dentist know about my childs dx
C. My child will need to avoid high altitudes until the infection is gone
D. Some children with this dx eventually require a lung transplant
A nurse is assessing two patients in the emergency department. One patient has been diagnosed with Diabetic Ketoacidosis (DKA) and the other with Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar State (HHS). Which of the following assessments would most likely differentiate between the two conditions?
A) Serum bicarbonate levels
B) Urine ketone bodies
C) Blood glucose level
D) Serum osmolality
A nurse in a pediatric clinic is providing discharge instructions to the caregiver of a child who has chickenpox (varicella). Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Select all that apply
A. The child is contagious until all vesicles have crusted
B. Calamine lotion may be applied to decreasing itching
C. Fingernails should be kept short while lesions are present
D. Bed linens should be changed every other day