Race (Haney-Lopez)
The restriction on naturalization to "free, white persons" by Congress describes this Act
Naturalization Act of 1790
Which party is largely connected with the racialization of poverty and crime?
Neither; both parties held racist believes which impacted the ways they formed and enacted policies
How does economic capital help you purchase a home?
Economic capital is needed to purchase the home as there are many things to pay for when finalizing a purchase; down payment and closing costs
Higher interest rates lead to higher mortgage payments
Higher quality homes in high quality areas inherently cost more
This is the term given to the statistic for deaths from childbirth represented in numbers out of 100,000
maternal mortality rates
Common Knowledge
How did Johnson respond to the Watt's Riot? What types of policies did he enact?
Johnson ignored the structural issues in America which contributed to the life experience and quality of life faced by African Americans and instead upheld the belief that African Americans were violent, crime prone and challenging democracy; signed into law the Law Enforcement Assistance Act;
focused federal funding on law enforcement to increase manpower, professionalize their force, and arm officers with military grade weapons --> this will solve crime
Explain the effect of generational wealth on a person's ability to buy a home
In families with higher wealth and assets, a family member can easily contribute to another family members down payment and/or closing costs
Some people have their student loans paid for or off by family members so that they enter the working world at zero (or not in debt) and do not have to worry about student loan bills as part of their budget and can instead purchase higher quality homes at a higher price
When a patient feels that their symptoms were inappropriately dismissed as minor or primarily psychological by doctors describes which term?
Medical Gaslighting
This concepts describes the reality that whites tend to not see or identify themselves in racial terms
Transparency Phenomenon
Explain the purpose of block grants
"White House and Congress used block grants to urge state governments to create criminal justice institutions and dedicate resources to increasing the nation's punitive and carceral capacities"
What are the positive or negative outcomes of home location?
Positive; better locations tend to have better schools, better access to transportation, better access to resources like stores and healthier food options; better sense of community and connection, greater chance to expand social capital
Negative; if the area is highly sought after this can increase the overall pricing of houses and make it difficult for people to purchase homes in this area; less opportunity for meaningful work that is close to where you live; isolation
Women are more likely to have pain complaints ignored and therefore less likely to receive pain treatment or management compared to men. This is an example of...?
Gender Bias in Healthcare
What is the significance of the Dred Scott decision for Haney-Lopez?
Dred Scott decision upheld slavery therefore legally kept blacks from obtaining citizenship; citizenship is a way to show which race you are --> only whites could have citizenship
Explain the Defund the Police movement and how it is connected to Hinton's research area/time frame
Defund the Police- the desire to reallocate law enforcement funding into more social welfare programs
The current position of law enforcement and their funding stems from policies enacted during the 1960s which focused on punitive responses to poverty and crime as opposed to social welfare responses which would ideally alleviate symptoms of poverty (which includes crime)
Explain why housing vouchers are not benefitting low-income people or families who qualify for them
There is no legal requirement for landlords to accept housing vouchers
Stigma associated with being poor and receiving government handouts leads to landlords not trusting people who need housing vouchers and feel they are a liability for their property
Explain how structural racism impacts healthcare outcomes
* Through laws and policies which allocate resources in ways which disadvantage racial and ethnic minorities in access to quality healthcare (health insurance inequities)
* Through myths, biases, and stereotypes within the medical system which creates inequitable diagnoses and treatments for racial and ethnic minorities
Explain how law and the legal system constructed the category of "white"
1. Courts constructed the bounds of Whiteness by deciding on a case-by-case basis who was NOT white (courts could not offer a list of characteristics that were "inherently" white)
2. Identifying white meant defining whiteness in terms of character not just physical features; non-whites were found to be inferior; all negative characteristics of non-whites gave whites and opposite and positive characteristic
What were the findings of the Moynihan report and what were the subsequent policies which followed from these findings?
Additionally, explain how the findings of the Moynihan report linger in our culture/society today when thinking about poverty
The long history of racial discrimination in the United States and "cultural deprivation" had produced a "tangle of pathology" in black urban families and communities; this explains the high rates of illiteracy, single-parent households and delinquency --> The Johnson Administration accepted the pathology as the cause of poverty and poverty as the cause of crime and ignored the structural conditions which contribute to poverty and therefore crime
The tangle of pathology idea meant lawmakers ultimately saw criminality as something inherently black or tied into culture --> the racialization of crime remains today as well as the believe in poverty as a personal failure rather than the result of structural barriers
What are the monetary benefits to being a homeowner?
Tax benefits- can deduct state and local real estate taxes
Refinancing options- lowering interest rate--> lower house payment
Building equity--> can take home line of credit and borrow against the house
Build wealth; one day the home will be yours and you can keep the money it sells for or not have a payment
inadequate access to healthcare or proper healthcare means pregnant women may already have health issues that have gone untreated which puts them at greater risk for complications during pregnancy
Those covered under Medicaid are only covered up to 6 months after pregnancy, but women are most at risk for complications up to one year after giving birth --> no medical coverage during critical health period
Declining numbers of OBGYNs in certain regions
Medical standards and practices relating to pregnancy often change, but physicians are not always aware of these changes and are therefore not providing the best care