Speciation
Defines species as one or more populations whose members interbreed under natural conditions and produce fertile offspring.
Biological species concept
This type of organisms are more likely to be in the fossil record because they go through the process of sedimentation.
Aquatic organisms
This is used to determine which organisms are most closely related to on a phylogenetic tree.
The most recent common ancestor
(T/F) Biological races are populations of a single species that have diverged from each other and cannot produce viable offspring.
False
An organism with the following traits would be classified as a _____.
- Capable of asexual reproduction
- Circular Chromosomes
- No Organelles
A prokaryote
The three stages in speciation.
1. Population Separation
2. Divergence
3. Reproductive Isolation
The tailbone of a human is an example of this type of trait.
A vestigial trait
(T/F) Phylogenetic trees are perfect representations of how organisms evolved and descended from a common ancestor.
False
The events responsible for genetic similarities in world human populations.
Natural selection and constant gene flow
This process is the reason that prokaryotic cells are small.
Diffusion
An example of this is when Arizona's Grand Canyon formed, squirrels and other small mammals that had once been part of a single population could no longer contact and reproduce with each other across this new geographic barrier. They could no longer interbreed.
Allopatric speciation
Birds and mosquitoes have both developed wings due to similar environmental and ecological niches. This displays the idea of____.
Convergent evolution
Can be determined using the one-snip test.
A monophyletic group
(T/F) Most alleles are largely concentrated in certain parts of the world.
False
(most alleles are widely distributed around the world)
This organism gets its energy from light and its carbon from inorganic molecules (manufacturing their building block compounds.
Photoautotrophs
The idea that interacting species impose selection on each other
Coevolution
A chick, human, and house cat all have a gill pouch early in development. This displays ____
Developmental homologies
The simplest scientific explanation is most likely the correct one. This means that the best hypothesis for a paraphyletic tree is the one that requires the least evolutionary changes.
Parsimony
This type of natural selection is seen through the heterozygous advantage of being heterozygous for sickle cell anemia in areas where malaria is prevalent.
Balancing selection
This classification of organisms cannot tolerate oxygen.
Obligate anaerobes
The hybrid embryos of sheep and goats die in the early developmental stages before birth, this is an example of what type of postzygotic isolation barrier?
Reduced hybrid viability
The four things we have learned from fossils about life.
1. Life on Earth is ancient
2. Life has increased in complexity and diversity over time
3. Most life has gone extinct
4. Diversification happens gradually and in bursts
This group includes some but not all of the descendants of a single ancestor
Paraphyletic group
(T/F) There are not "race" specific genes, but traits may be shared by groups due to natural selection, drift
True
A tree going in your front yard uses this type of metabolism.
Photoautotrophic