chapter 4
This sugar is found in RNA but not DNA.
What is ribose
The monomers that make up proteins
Amino acids
This law states that energy cannot be created or destroyed
1st law of thermodynamics
This principle of molecular biology explains that DNA makes RNA, which makes protein.
Central dogma
This strand of DNA is used by RNA polymerase to build a complementary RNA transcript.
What is the template strand
This codon always signals the start of translation.
AUG
This value (ΔG) indicates whether a reaction is spontaneous.
Free energy
Order the following:
3,2,1,4
The rule that A pairs with T and G pairs with C helps maintain this structure.
What is the Double Helix
These are the two types of codons that tell the ribosome when to begin and end translation.
Start and stop
This type of inhibitor binds at the active site, blocking substrate entry.
Competitive inhibitors
What are the cell requirements
1. cell membrane 2. energy to do work 3. way to encode/transmit information
These noncoding sequences are removed from pre-mRNA during splicing.
What are introns?
This level of protein structure depends only on the sequence of amino acids.
Primary structure
These protein catalysts lower activation energy without being consumed.
Enzymes
This type of bond stabilizes both DNA base pairs and secondary protein structures.
Hydrogen
This enzyme is responsible for adding RNA nucleotides during transcription.
RNA polymerase
This type of reaction releases energy.
Exergonic
This high-energy molecule powers cellular processes by donating phosphate groups.
ATP
This process is anabolic: it builds proteins from amino acids.
Protein synthesis