Viruses/Prions
Are viruses living or nonliving?
Nonliving
What's an example of a bryophyte?
Moss, liverwort, hornwort
The most major innovation that lycophytes have.
What four major innovations of gymnosperms?
Pollen, Ovules, Seeds, and Wood
Three major innovations from gymnosperms
No, because they are non-living
Cells are specialized to promote the movement of solutes from gametophyte to embryo.
Placental transfer tissue
Do lycophytes contain all of the following: a sporophyte stage, an archegonium, and an embryo
No, embryos did not show up until gymnosperms
Meristematic tissue that produces xylem and phloem
Vascular Cambium
This occurs in the style and determines what pollen grains fertilizes the egg
Pollen Competition
Prions are made entirely of proteins but what is the reason they cause neurodegenerative disease?
They're misfolded, changing them to be abnormal.
Bryophytes lacks many features that other plant species have, including roots. What structure do bryophytes have that function like roots?
Rhizoids
X: Water and dissolved nutrients, P: sugars and metabolic products
Found in cycadophyta, a special adaption has trapped cyanobacteria in this above ground part of the plant?
Corraliod root
The develop of fruits added in dispersal, which prevents/aids seedling and parent survival
Competition and colonization
Prions affect not only humans but also other animals, like livestock. What's an example of a neurodegenerative disease found in livestock?
Mad Cow Disease.
Following the pattern of alternation of generations, multicellular diploid ______ makes ____ spores through _____.
Sporophyte, haploid, meiosis
While plants continued to evolve larger and more complex leaves, lycophytes kept these kinds of leaves
Lycophyll or microphyll
While most of the ovule in gymnosperms is considered haploid, there is one part that is not
Integuments
Endosperm, food store for when the seed is released
A virus transfers genetic material from one bacterium to another
Transduction
While bryophytes have many adaptations to live on land, to reproduce, they still need one thing that they're ancestors used to reproduce? What is it?
This part of lycophytes acts to not only grow new leaves but also roots.
The megasporangium produces _____ through _____, which then produce _____ through ______ (Hint: 2 and 3 are the same)
Megaspores, Meiosis, female gametophytes through mitosis
Occurs from a meiotic error, unreduced gametes combine to make a zygote with double the amount of DNA that it started with.
Autoploidy