Carbohydrates
What part of the grain is white rice?
Endosperm
Fatty acids that contain at least one double bond are considered __________.
Unsaturated
What type of bond links two amino acids?
Peptide
Alcohol provides _____ kcal/g
7
Any nutrient that the human body cannot synthesize is considered ________.
Essential
What hormone produced by the pancreas enables cells to use glucose?
Insulin
True or False: Cholesterol is a phospholipid.
False
How many essential and non-essential amino acids are there?
9 essential
11 non-essential
20 total
Alcoholic hepatitis can affect ______ function in the body.
Liver
________ is found in plant foods only, while _______ is found in animal foods only.
Fiber
Vitamin B12
True or False: Processed cereals with added fiber such as bran are considered refined grains
True
The most common lipids found in food and the body are ________ which contain a _________ backbone and three __________ tails.
Triglycerides
Glycerol
Fatty Acids
When a person is losing weight or not eating enough protein, they are said to have _______ N balance
Negative
How does alcohol enter the blood stream?
Simple diffusion
What percentages of energy are the AMDRs for healthy adults for carbs, protein, and fats?
Carbs: 45-65%
Protein: 10-35%
Fats: 25-35%
_____________ is stored in muscle and the liver in highly branched grains of glucose for quick energy.
Glycogen
______ is considered the "good" cholesterol because it reverse transports cholesterol back to the liver for breakdown.
HDL
Cooking an egg causes __________ of the protein which alters the 3D shape of the egg
Denaturation
Moderate drinking is _____ drink(s) a day for women.
1 drink
_________ are produced for energy during low-carb diets, starvation, or untreated diabetes.
Ketones
During glycolysis, glucose is split into two molecules of __________.
Pyruvate
Higher intakes of saturated and total fat can lead to higher risk of what three conditions?
Heart disease, cancer, obesity
True or False: A healthy 21-year-old man who engages in light physical activity 2-3 days per week and is maintaining his weight needs 0.8 g/kg of protein.
True
The first phase of alcoholic liver disease is _________.
Fatty liver
True or False: Carbonated mixers like tonic or soda will decrease peak blood concentration of alcohol.
False