Sympathetic Nervous System 1
Sympathetic nervous system is known as
Fight or Flight
The adrenergic system refers to what nervous system?
Sympathetic
Parasympathetic nervous system is known as
Rest and digest
What are anti adrenergic known as?
Low and slow
What are anticholinergics known as?
High and dry
How does epinephrine work on the body?
Increase HR, increase BP, bronchodilation, mydriasis
What does clonidine do?
What is acetylcholine?
A neurotransmitter
What are some indications for antiadrenergic medications?
high blood pressure, peripheral vascular disease, BPH, Raynauds/frostbite, heart attack/MI, chest pain (angina), heart failure* some drugs only, abnormal heart rhythm, migraines, glaucoma
What are some indications for anticholinergic medications?
Parkinson's, IBS, GU incontinence, bronchospasms, end of life, hyperhidrosis
How are beta 1 and beta 2 different?
Beta 1 works on the heart, beta 2 works on the lungs
What impact does positive inotropic, chronotropic, and dromotropic have?
inotropic- increase force/contraction
chronotropic- increase rate
dromotropic- increase rhythm/ SA/AV node conduction
What does DUELS stand for?
Diarrhea, urinary incontinence, emesis, lacrimation, saliva increase
What are some common side effects of antiadrenergic medications?
abnormal heart rhythm, lower HR, rebound high BP if abrupt stop, postural hypotension
What does SLUDGE stand for?
Decrease of salivation, lacrimation, urinary retention, drowsiness/dizziness, GI upset, dry eyes/blurred vision
What are the synthetic catecholamines?
Phenylephrine, dobutamine
What are the endogenous catecholamines?
Epinephrine, norepinephrine, dopamine
What are indications for cholinergic medications?
Glaucoma, urinary retention, Alzheimer's, myasthenia gravis (CNS disorder) diagnosis
What is the medication tamsulosin used for?
BPH to reduce resistance to prostate, improve urination flow
What are side effects of anticholinergics?
high HR, mydriasis, urinary retention, sensitive to light, dry mouth
Who does alpha 2 work on the body?
Vasodilation, inhibits release of norepinephrine, decrease BP and GI motility
What are catecholamines?
Catecholamines are neurotransmitters and hormones that play a crucial role in the body's response to stress and other stimuli
What are contraindications for cholinergic medications?
Low BP, HR, hyperthyroidism, seizures, Parkinson's (already too much ACh), COPD, GU/GI obstruction
What condition can antiadrenergic medications mask?
Hypoglycemia
What are contraindications for anticholinergics?
Narrow angle glaucoma, myasthenia gravis, acute cardiac instability