Seeing is Believing
This term refers to the process by which sensory organs detect stimuli from the environment.
What is sensation?
This external structure helps collect sound waves and aids in localization.
What is the pinna (auricle)?
Unlike other sensory systems, olfactory information reaches the cortex without first passing through this structure.
What is the thalamus?
Research on Aplysia revealed that habituation results from a reduction in this presynaptic activity.
What is neurotransmitter release?
Damage to this language area causes non-fluent speech but preserved comprehension.
What is Broca’s area?
This property of light determines color, while amplitude determines brightness.
What is wavelength?
The three ossicles—malleus, incus, and stapes—work together to perform this function.
What is amplifying vibrations?
The primary olfactory cortex is also known by this name.
What is the piriform cortex?
This process, summarized as “neurons that fire together wire together,” strengthens synaptic connections.
What is long-term potentiation (LTP)?
The inability to detect odors, often following head trauma, is known by this term.
What is anosmia?
This reflective layer found in many nocturnal animals improves their night vision.
What is the tapetum lucidum?
This structure, housed in the cochlea, contains hair cells that transduce sound.
What is the organ of Corti?
This brain region links smells with emotional experiences and memories.
What is the amygdala?
According to this neuroscientist, all parts of the cortex contribute equally to learning and memory.
Who is Karl Lashley?
People who consistently associate letters or numbers with colors experience this condition.
What is synesthesia?
This gap in the visual field exists because there are no photoreceptors where the optic nerve leaves the eye.
What is the blindspot (or optic disk)?
This term describes how hair cells tuned to different frequencies are arranged along the basilar membrane.
What is tonotopic organization?
These individuals have a higher density of fungiform papillae and experience stronger taste sensations.
Who are supertasters?
This type of memory includes procedural skills and does not require conscious awareness.
What is implicit memory?
This phenomenon describes how each cerebral hemisphere tends to specialize in certain functions.
What is hemispheric lateralization?
According to the duplexity theory, these photoreceptors mediate daylight and color vision.
What are cones?
In the auditory pathway, sound travels from the cochlea to the cochlear nucleus, then to these structures before reaching the tectum.
What are the superior olives?
This region of the frontal lobe integrates smell and taste into conscious perception.
What is the orbitofrontal cortex?
The loss of this neurotransmitter system is most associated with Alzheimer’s disease.
What is acetylcholine?
The right hemisphere is most associated with these types of cognitive processes.
What are spatial and emotional functions?v