Chapter 25: DNA Replication
What is the main difference between transcription and translation?
Transcription- DNA --> mRNA
Translation mRNA --> protein
If an animal has 20 chromosomes in its sperm cells, how many chromosomes are in its muscle cells?
40 chromosomes
Which organelle is responsible for cellular respiration?
The Mitochondrion
What is the equation (with numbers) for photosynthesis?
6CO2 + 6H2O + solar energy --> C6H12O6 + 6O2
What are 2 potential causes of genetic mutations?
* mutagens
* replication errors
* transposons (jumping genes)
* viruses
What is the longest stage of the cell cycle?
Interphase
What are the reactants in the cellular respiration equation?
Glucose & Oxygen
What 2 places does photosynthesis occur in the chloroplast?
Light-dependent reactions --> thylakoid membrane
Calvin cycle reactions --> stroma
What is the name of the enzyme that reads the template strand and makes a complementary strand of DNA?
DNA Polymerase
What is the difference between Anaphase I and Anaphase II in meiosis?
Anaphase I- separating homologous chromosomes
Anaphase II- separating sister chromatids
How many times does the preparatory reaction occur per glucose molecule?
Twice
What are the steps in the Noncyclic electron pathway (in order)?
Photosystem II --> Electron Transport Chain --> Photosystem I --> ATP Synthase Complex
What is the portion of mRNA that is expressed called?
An exon
Which organelle creates and organizes the mitotic spindle fibers?
The centrosome
Which molecule is the final electron acceptor during cellular respiration?
Oxygen
Which compound does the Calvin Cycle use to produce carbohydrate molecules?
CO2
Which step / steps in translation require energy?
Initiation & Elongation
What is the importance of prometaphase?
Spindle microtubules attach to the chromosome kinetochores
At the end of the electron transport chain.
When is ATP made during photosynthesis?
Light-dependent reactions (chemiosmosis)