Development
The Mean Monkey video segment, where the boy allowed the monkey to take his favorite sticker, illustrated the concept of _____ which Piaget said predominates (mostly occurs) during the _____ stage?
a. egocentrism; preoperational
b. conservation; preoperational
c. egocentrism; concrete operational
d. stupidity; preoperational
a. egocentrism; preoperational
I hate the dentist. After several visits to the dentist, simply hearing the sound of a dental drill makes me anxious, even before the drill touches my teeth. What is the unconditioned stimulus?
A. Anxiety caused by the drill
B. The dental drill causing pain
C. The sound of the drill
D. Anxiety caused by hearing the drill
B. The dental drill causing pain
Anxiety bc of pain would be UR, CS would be just the sound, CR would be anxiety bc of sound.
I vividly remembers walking into my first college class, where I sat, and who was sitting next to me. This is primarily:
A. Semantic memory
B. Implicit memory
C. Episodic memory
D. Sensory memory
C. episodic
What is it called when subjects in a memory experiment remember something differently from how it occurred because experimenters gave them false or misleading cues?
a. sensory-integration effect b. disinhibition effect
c. misinformation effect d. repressed memory
c. misinformation effect
A dog naturally salivates when food is placed in its mouth. For several days, a researcher turns on a blue light immediately before presenting food. Eventually, the dog salivates when it sees the blue light alone.
A. US = blue light; UR = food; CS = salivation
B. US = food; UR = salivation to food; CS = blue light; CR = salivation to blue light
C. US = salivation; UR = food; CS = blue light
D. US = food; UR = blue light; CS = salivation
B. US = food; UR = salivation to food; CS = blue light; CR = salivation to blue light
Which of the following is an example of second-order conditioning?
a. a child being afraid of red trucks bc a dog bites him after jumping from a red truck
b. a bird approaches a blue block after seeing a red block predict a female
c. a rat eats more food during each subsequent conditioning trial
d. a dog comes running when it hears a can opener
a. a child being afraid of red trucks bc a dog bites him after jumping from a red truck
Neurons are being produced rapidly in a developing fetus. Which stage of neural development is most likely occuring?
A. Migration
B. Differentiation
C. Proliferation
D. Myelination
C. Proliferation
Which of the following is usually not a symptom of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome?
a. muscular atrophy
b. retardation
c. hyperactivity
d. smaller brain
a. muscular atrophy (muscles become weaker)
A camera flashes in a dark room. For a very brief moment after the flash disappears, you can still mentally "see" the scene. This is:
A. Echoic memory
B. Iconic memory
C. Semantic memory
D. Long-term memory
B. Iconic
Studying in the classroom in which you have a test the following day may improve your grade on the test. This is an example of how ____ can affect memory _____?
a. operant conditioning; retrieval b. context; storage
c. mood; encoding d. context; retrieval
d. context; retrieval
A child is bitten by a large black dog and develops a conditioned fear of that dog. Later, she also becomes frightened when she encounters other large dogs. This is:
A. Extinction
B. Acquisition
C. Generalization
D. Shaping
C. Generalization
You get a person's phone number at a coffee shop. The easiest way to memorize the following 12 digit number 912374293409 quickly would be__?
a. to use a hierarchy b. rehearsal, rehearsal, rehearsal
c. chunking d. brute force
c. chunking
A newborn's mother gently touches the baby's cheek. The baby immediately turns its head toward the touch and opens its mouth. This behavior is an example of:
A. Grasping reflex
B. Object permanence
C. Rooting reflex
D. Social referencing
Rooting Reflex
Whenever baby Noah becomes distressed, his caregiver generally notices his signals and responds appropriately. This type of responsive parenting would be most likely associated with:
A. Secure attachment
B. Avoidant attachment
C. Anxious/ambivalent attachment
A. Secure attachment
All of the following affect retrieval of memories except ________?
a. previous retrieval attempts b. misinformation
c. mood d. none of the above (they all affect retrieval)
d. none of the above (they all affect retrieval)
An infant monkey is given a choice between a wire "mother" that provides food and a soft cloth "mother" that does not provide food. When frightened, the monkey runs to the cloth mother. This finding best supports the importance of:
A. Familiarity
B. Body contact
C. Cognitive development
D. Object permanence
B. Body contact
Ava studies for her psychology exam. If she earns an A, her roomie says she will buy her chipotle. Thus, she studies more frequently. This is:
A. Positive reinforcement
B. Negative reinforcement
C. Punishment
D. Classical conditioning
A. pos reinforcement
A researcher places their finger in the palm of a newborn baby. The baby immediately closes their fingers tightly around the researcher’s finger. Which reflex is the baby demonstrating?
A. Rooting reflex
B. Infant reflex
C. Grasping reflex
D. Touch reflex
C. Grasping reflex
Maya is 10 months old. Her father places her favorite toy under a blanket. Maya acts as though the toy no longer exists and does not search for it. Maya has not fully developed:
A. Conservation
B. Egocentrism
C. Object permanence
D. Abstract reasoning
C. Object permanence
Bandura's studies with Bobo dolls and aggression showed that children are capable of modeling adult behavior that they witness. This is called ________?
a. aggressive modeling
b. observational learning
c. imprinting
d. this is not really a phenomenon, it turns out that kids just don't like Bobo the clown
b. observational learning
Which of the following is an example of classical conditioning?
a. you phone pizza place, pizza is delivered to you
b. you spray your cat with water when it misbehaves
c. your heart rate increases when you smell the perfume/cologne of an ex-girlfriend/boyfriend
d. you push power button on TV, magical tiny people appear and entertain you
c. your heart rate increases when you smell the perfume/cologne of an ex-girlfriend/boyfriend
On an essay exam, you are asked: "Name the psychologist associated with classical conditioning." You have to produce Pavlov yourself. This primarily requires:
A. Recognition
B. Recall
C. Priming
D. Encoding
B. Recall
When I don't put a seatbelt on, my car makes a really annoying noise. Therefore, I begin to put on my seatbelt immediately after getting into the car because doing so stops the noise. This is:
A. Punishment
B. Positive reinforcement
C. Negative reinforcement
D. Extinction
C. Neg Reinforcement
Neural development sequence:
a. proliferation, migration, differentation
b. migration, proliferation, differentation
c. growth, connection, migration
d. proliferation, differentation, migration
a.
Four-year-old Ben is shown two identical glasses containing equal amounts of juice. The juice from one glass is poured into a taller, thinner glass. Ben says the taller glass now has more juice. Ben's response best demonstrates:
A. Object permanence
B. Lack of conservation
C. Abstract reasoning
D. Egocentrism
B. Lack of conservation
At the Garners Ferry 7 brew, they give you a free drink after every 10 drinks you purchase.
A. Fixed ratio
B. Variable ratio
C. Fixed interval
D. Variable interval
A. fixed
Richard had a stroke and lost his semantic memory. Which of the following is he least likely to remember?
a. his first kiss b. his favorite Backstreet Boy
c. how to ride a bike d. who won the 1969 World Series
d. who won the 1969 World Series
After not riding a bicycle for 10 years, Emma gets on one and is still able to ride without consciously thinking about how to balance, pedal, and steer.
Which type of memory best explains this?
A. Semantic
B. Episodic
C. Implicit
D. Iconic
C. Implicit
An employee receives a paycheck every two weeks.
A. Fixed ratio
B. Variable ratio
C. Fixed interval
D. Variable interval
C. Fixed interval
Pavlov originally set out to investigate:
a. digestion b. attachment
c. memory d. clinical psychology
a. digestion