Fluency Disorders
Stuttering usually begins at this age.
What is preschool age?
This word is used to describe the rise and fall of the voice during speaking.
What is intonation?
A laryngectomy involves the removal of this organ.
What is the larynx?
This is the smallest unit of sound.
What is a phoneme?
List at least three secondary behaviors of stuttering.
Eye blinks, facial tension, face grimaces, body movement, avoidance
This callus-like structural abnormality goes away with vocal rest.
What is a vocal nodule?
This is the surgical hole in the neck that a person breathes through after a laryngectomy.
What is a stoma?
This word describes sounds that have the same place and manner but differ in voicing.
What are cognates?
"Ba-ba-ba-baby" is an example of a __________ repetition.
This type of breathing only utilizes half of lung capacity.
What is chest breathing?
Name four everyday activities impacted by a laryngectomy.
Breathing, smelling, swallowing, coughing, showering, bearing down, defecating, crying, laughing, lifting heavy objects
What is stopping?
This percentage of children who stutter recover on their own.
What is 75-80%?
Give an example of a neurological abnormality that could lead to a voice disorder.
What is vocal cord paralysis or spasmodic dysphonia?
These are the three possible methods of communication for people who have had laryngectomies.
What are the electrolarynx, esophageal speech, and TEP speech?
These are the three ways that consonant phonemes are organized.
What are place, manner, and voice?
These are the four factors that influence stuttering.
What are environment, genetics, development of speech/language, and temperament?
This is the most serious disorder of the voice.
What is laryngeal cancer?
This method of post-laryngectomy communication has a failure rate of up to 75%.
What is esophageal speech?
100% intelligibility to an unfamiliar listener is typically expected at this age.
What is age four?