Operational Definitions
An example of this measurement would be the most liked sport.
What is an ordinal scale of measurement?
Concerned with measurement accuracy.
What is reliability?
Systematic tendencies to either respond to survey questions on some basis independent of the specific item content or to align responses with contextual demands.
What are response sets?
Observer bias, Observer effects, Reactivity
What are 3 potential threats to construct validity during observational research?
Representative and Biased
What are the two types of sampling?
Should be developed after a conceptual definition is formed and is one of the more creative aspects of the research process.
What is an operationalized definition?
Cronbach's (or coefficient alpha) is the statistic reported for this type of reliability.
What is internal reliability?
Using scales without the middle response option.
What is a strategy for reducing fence-sitting?
Observer bias threatens this kind of validity by deteriorating the measurement accuracy of observed behaviors.
What is construct validity?
The most common type of biased sampling.
What is Convenience Sampling?
Removes the potential role of judgment on the part of a participant or an observer, but may fail to appropriately identify the psychological quality behind the measures.
What is a physiological measure?
When the resultant scatterplots dots are closest to the slope line.
What is high reliability?
I have never not enjoyed writing.
What is a double negative survey question?
When observers expectations influence the measurement of participants behaviors or interpretation of study outcomes.
What is observer bias?
Researchers split the population of interest into categories and then randomly select individuals from each of the categories
What is stratified sampling?
Should be precise, quantifiable, and measureable
What are goals for an operationalized definition?
A measure that is valid but not reliable.
What is impossible?
Rate your agreement with the following statement: People who dance professionally are usually attractive.
What is a leading survey question?
When we tend to provide a reconstruction of what actually happened.
What happens when we report on past events?
This type of validity is most important for addressing frequency claims.
What is external validity?
can be used as identifiers, show direction, add the feature of equal distances for each numeric increment.
What are interval scales of measurement? What does not have a true zero?
making sure that we are not measuring similar but different constructs.
How do we establish discriminant or divergent validity?
A measure should not (substantially) correlate with measures of different constructs.
Information could be hard to manage (i.e. code, classify, or quantify)
What is a disadvantage of asking open ended questions?
Naturalistic and mediated
What are types of observations?
By obtaining unbiased, representative samples
How do we ensure external validity?