Heart Anatomy
Protein pores
What metabolic pathway does it rely on?
Strictly Aerobic Respiration
What are the 3 components of the capillaries?
Basement membrane, Intercellular clefts, and Endothelium
How do low protein levels affect the net filtration pressure in the arterial end?
Increase net filtration pressure because the osmotic pressure to draw the fluid back has decreased.
What are the 2 circuits for circulation?
Pulmonary and Systemic
What are the 3 types of capillaries?
Sinusoid, Fenestrated and Continuous
How is blood pressure detected?
Baroreceptors in the aortic arch.
What are the 3 layers of the heart wall?
Epicardium, Myocardium, Endocardium
What are the 2 innervations from the cardiac center?
Cardioinhibitor and Cardioaccelerator
What are 2 different possible pathways?
Anastomoses, Simple Pathway, Portal System, Shunt
What 3 hormones will aid in fluid retention and increase in blood pressure?
ADH, Aldosterone, Angiotensin ll
What are 2 of the functions of the fibrous skeleton?
Separate atria and ventricle, electrical insulator, provides framework for the attachment of myocardium, and anchor valves
What are the 3 phases for the action potential of the SA Node?
What structure controls the flow of blood into true capillaries?
Capillary Sphincter
As blood moves from the arterial end to the venous end of a capillary, how does net filtration pressure and why?
What are 2 differences between the cardiac muscle tissue and skeletal muscle tissue?
Heart has a less extensive SR, Maximum overlap of filaments is when the cardiac muscle is stretched, cardiac muscle has more mitochondria, lacks terminal cisternae.
What is occuring during the plateau phase for the action potential of the Cardiac Cell?
Calcium is entering the cell, Potassium is leaving the cell.
Name 3 structures that are different between arteries and veins.
Arteries have a thin tunica externa, thick tunica media, more elastic, and more narrow.
Veins have a thick tunica externa, thin tunica media, less elastic, more wide and have valves.
Describe the renin-angiotensin system.
1. Angiotensinogen released from the liver
2. Kidney secretes renin and it converts angiotensinogen into angiotensin l
3. The lungs secrete ACE and it converts angiotensin l into angiotensin ll