Metabolism
Where do phototrophs get their energy from?
Sunlight
What is the starting material of glycolysis? What is the end product of glycolysis?
Glucose.
2 Pyruvate.
What is the starting material of pyruvate oxidation?
pyruvate
A 2-carbon acetyl group from what molecule enters the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl CoA
Where does the ETC take place?
In the mitochondrial matrix
Where does a chemoautotroph get their energy from?
Chemical compounds
What is phase I of glycolysis? What is the ending intermediate of this phase?
Energy investment phase.
Fructose 1,6-biphosphate
What is the product of pyruvate oxidation?
Acetyl CoA
Where does the citric acid cycle occur?
Mitochondrial matrix
About how many ATP are generated by the electron transport chain?
About 32
Are animals autotrophs or heterotrophs?
heterotrophs
Can glycolysis occur in the absence of oxygen?
Yes (it's the most widespread metabolic pathway among organisms!)
Where does pyruvate oxidation occur?
In the mitochondira
Net products of the citric acid cycle per 1 glucose
6 NADH, 2 FADH2, 2 ATP
Potential energy
An organism that makes their own organic carbon using inorganic carbon as the starting material AND captures energy from the sun is...
A chemoautotroph
How many carbons are in the molecules produced from the cleavage of fructose 1,6-biphosphate?
3 carbons (G3P)
Which two processes does the pyruvate oxidation connect?
Glycolysis and the Citric Acid Cycle
What is the final 4-carbon intermediate of the citric acid cycle that joins with the acetyl group to regenerate citric acid?
Oxaloacetate
What converts the energy of the proton gradient into the energy of ATP?
The ATP synthase. F0 is the channel for protons to flow through and F1 synthesizes ATP.
What is the difference between catabolism and anabolism?
Catabolism: breakdown molecules into smaller units
Anabolism: reactions that build molecules from smaller units
Net products of Glycolysis
2 ATP, 2 NADH, 2 Pyruvate
Net Products of pyruvate oxidation (per 1 glucose)
2 CO2 , 2 NADH, 2 Acetyl CoA
Yes, GTP transfers a phosphate to ADP creating 1 ATP
What happens in complex IV?