Bipolar Disorders + Suicide
Differences between mania and hypomania.
Mania: excited mood in which a person feels excessively and unrealistically positive and energetic, decreased need for sleep, typically requires hospitalization.
Hypomania: a milder form of mania, doesn't require hospitalization, individuals generally tend to be able to function but with the inclusion of manic behaviors.
Depressive disorders: not temporary (can persist for weeks/months/years), impairs a person's ability to work with/interact with friends/family, physical/behavioral symptoms are present.
'Normal' sadness: more easily shaken off (not as persistent), less severe in its impairment of interaction, no/minimal physical/behavioral symptoms.
A diffuse or vague sense of apprehension accompanied by fearful behavior and physiological arousal.
Anxiety.
A person who believes that thinking about a thought is just as bad as doing it is most likely to be diagnosed with:
OCD.
The best way to reduce the rates of teen suicide is to _____.
Remove someone's means of committing suicide (ex., passing stricter gun laws).
A disorder characterized by cycles of a mild excited mood in which a person feels excessively and unrealistically positive and energetic and episodes including sad mood, lack of interest or pleasure in activities, low energy, etc.
Bipolar II.
A specifier of Major Depressive Disorder that is characterized by the onset of a depressive episode that begins during pregnancy, within 4 weeks after the birth of a child, or after a parent has stopped breastfeeding.
'With peripartum onset.'
The disorder characterized by feeling on edge, tense and nervous, about an unspecified threat.
Generalized anxiety disorder.
Body Dysmorphic Disorder (BDD) is considered an obsessive-compulsive related disorder because of what aspect of the disorder?
The compulsive checking or rituals associated with appearance-related concerns.
What is one studying method do you intend to use to prepare for the exam?
Flashcards, rewriting notes, etc. Whatever students choose to do.
A specifier of bipolar disorders that includes delusions or hallucinations that are present during the mood episode, found in manic episodes of Bipolar I.
A disorder characterized by the abrupt stopping of symptoms once menstruation occurs and significant mood/physical/behavioral changes that occur during the menstrual cycle.
Premenstrual Dysphoric Disorder.
Panic disorder.
A type of therapy used to treat OCD that consists of a patient being exposed to the topic of their obsession but their therapist helps them refrain from engaging in the compulsion related.
(Ex: Jo has a compulsion to wash their hands after touching animals. Jo's therapist is working with them to pet cats and resist the compulsion to wash their hands, working through the extreme anxiety related).
Exposure and response prevention.
An alternative medication to use for patients with bipolar disorder that do not respond well to lithium is:
Anticonvulsant medications.
A disorder in which moods fluctuate over 2+ years without significantly severe manic or depressive phases.
Cyclothymic disorder.
What theory about genetic influences on mood disorders is considered most supported by research.
Genetic vulnerability to mood disorders can include faulty neurotransmitter functioning/endocrine system functioning.
The difference(s) between rumination and worry.
Rumination: focuses on bad feelings and experiences in the past.
Worry: more concerned with potential negative events in the future.
- Faulty belief's about one's possessions ("I might need it someday")
- Extreme emotional attachments to possessions.
- Saving items as an avoidance behavior (not having to deal with the anxiety surrounding giving away objects allows people to avoid making the 'wrong' choice)
Benzodiazepines increase the activity of this neurotransmitter that is known for producing a calming effect.
GABA.
The main issue with prescribing medication to individuals with bipolar disorders (think Ian Gallagher from Shameless).
Mania/hypomania feels good, so it is difficult to get a person to consistently take medications that reduce that 'good feeling' without support from others.
What kind of medication affects depressive symptoms by making neurotransmitters that affect mood more available in the synapse by preventing the breakdown of the transmitters?
an MAO inhibitor (MAO is an enzyme that disposes of leftover transmitters, by inhibiting, you allow for more neurotransmitters to be available in the synapse).
A treatment for specific phobia disorder that consists of a therapist demonstrating interaction with the source of the patient's phobia that the patient will mimic.
Participant modelling.
A social factor cause of obsessive-compulsive and related disorders.
- authoritarian parenting (low warmth/nurturance and high behavioral control)
- childhood trauma
- adverse life events
The date/time of Mickey's drop-in tutoring hours.
Thursdays, 5:15-7:15.