A system of interrelated ideas that is used to explain a set of observations, and is testable.
What is a theory?
100
Cell body, dendrite, and axon
What are parts of a neuron?
100
When two things seem related but aren’t.
What is an illusory correlation?
100
When a subjects' expectations can lead them to experience some change even though they receive an empty, fake, or ineffectual treatment
What is a placebo effect?
200
Subjects in a study who do not receive the special treatment given to the experimental group.
What is a control group?
200
A theoretical orientation that emphasizes the unique qualities of humans, especially their freedom and their potential for personal growth.
What is a humanist viewpoint?
200
This is a chemical released by neurons to communicate with other neurons throughout the body.
What is a neurotransmitter?
200
To believe that an individual shares the characteristics common to his or her group
What is a representative heuristic?
200
Phenomenon that occurs when a researcher's expectations or preferences about the outcome of a study influence the results obtained.
What is experimenter bias?
300
The process of observing subjects in their natural environment without interference.
What is a naturalistic observation?
300
Approach to psychology that uses theory and research to better understand the positive, adaptive, creative, and fulfilling aspects of human existence.
What is positive psychology?
300
This mimics the action of a neurotransmitter
What is an agonist?
300
A tendency to give socially approved answers to questions about oneself.
What is a social desirability bias?
300
This is a numerical index of the degree of relationship between two variables.
What is a correlation?
400
In an experiment, this is a condition or event that an experimenter varies in order to see its impact on another variable
What is an independent variable?
400
Behavior is learned through observation and imitation. Research is conducted by observing behaviors, as opposed to thoughts or feelings.
What is a behavioralist viewpoint?
400
Space between neurons where signal transmission takes place using neurotransmitters.
What is a synaptic cleft/gap?
400
The structure that connects the two cerebral hemispheres.
What is a corpus callosom?
400
Constitution of groups in a study such that all subjects have an equal chance of being assigned to any group or condition. Key is subjects can’t choose (eliminate selection bias).
What is random assignment?
500
The findings are not due to chance (or less than 5% likely due to chance)
What is statistically significant?
500
Knowledge based on scientific findings.
What is empirically-based knowledge?
500
These are complementary nervous systems that are either excitatory or inhibitory in nature.
What are the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous systems?
500
This hemisphere of the brain is responsible for language and speech.
What is the left hemisphere?
500
This type of study design does not allow you to draw causal conclusions.