Hearing Screenings
Hearing Screenings 2
Outer Ear Pathology
Disorders of the Ear
When things go wrong in the Ear
100
All infants will access a hearing screening using a physiologic measure no later than ______
What is 1 month of age
100
T/F All babies are screened using OAEs
What is true
100
the outer ear includes the _______, _________ and ________
What is auricle/pinna, external auditory meatus, and tympanic membrane
100
T/F Most issues in the outer and middle ear are usually medically related and can be treated
What is TRUE
100
Otitis Media, Cholesteatoma, Otosclerosis, and Ossicular Disarticulation are all disorders of the inner ear
What is FALSE THEY ARE DISORDERS OF THE MIDDLE EAR
200
Why is early identification of hearing loss important?
What is because it is the most common birth defect. Because the earlier intervention takes place, the better the prognosis
200
t/f Most babies who fail the initial screening will actually have normal hearing
What is TRUE For every 10 babies that refer, 1 is expected to have permanent hearing loss
200
The absence of an ear canal opening. Can affect one or both of the ear canals. Can occur in isolation or with other abnormalities.
What is Aural Atresia
200
Why Are Children More Susceptible to otitis media?
What is ET in adults tilts downward at about a 45 degree angle. But, in infants and young children the ET is almost horizontal. Reflux of liquids can occur into the middle ear space and cause fluid.
200
This appears as a white mass behind the TM
What is Cholesteatoma
300
Name 2 objective hearing screening techniques
What is Otoacoustic emissions (OAE) Auditory brainstem response (ABR) Two stage screening (OAE + ABR)
300
List 3 barriers you might encounter in in-patient newborn hearing screenings
What is Parental refusal Hospital misses opportunity to screen Designated screening area not available Equipment malfunction Screening administration time frame conflicts with patient availability Noise levels in screening area are too loud for effective screening administration Confusion regarding screening responsibility for infants transferred to an alternate hospital
300
A missing auricle, referred to as_______
What is anotia
300
Perforations of the TM can result from several different things (name 3)
What is Excessive pressure from middle ear infections (pressure builds up and the only way out is through the ear drum). Trauma (squirt gun, cotton swab, hairpin,). Loud noise or explosion. Sudden forceful changes in air pressure while flying, strong sneeze , or diving (barotrauma).
300
It is a fixation of the stapes into the oval window Has a genetic link, and most often occurs in females. Usually occurs bilaterally. Usually treated surgically by a procedure called stapedectomy
What is Otosclerosis
400
What are 3 characteristics that a hearing screening procedure should have?
What is Reliable, valid, quick to administer, objective
400
Hearing aids can be fitted as young as ________
What is one month of age
400
Outer and middle ear disorders usually occur due to two common types of pathologies
What is structural defects due to embryologic malformations -structural changes secondary to infection or trauma
400
This occurs when pressure is very negative in the middle ear space and “sucks” the eardrum back against the middle ear space. See this when eustachian tube is not working.
What is Atelectasis
400
This is also known as Flemingo pink sign, and is a diagnostic indicator for otosclerosis, pinkish red TM
What is Schwartz sign
500
________presents sound into the ear canal and a sensitive microphone measures an echo response from the ear. The presence of emissions at several different frequencies constitutes a pass on the screening. Average time to complete screening is 5-15 minutes
What is Otoacoustic Emissions
500
During___________sounds are presented to the ear and surface electrodes measure an EEG-type response from the auditory nerve. The presence of a response from the nerve constitutes a pass on the screening. Average time to complete ABR screening is 20 minutes
What is Auditory brainstem response (ABR)
500
A syndrome that is an inherited condition that involves the facial bones, the auricle, and congenital atresia of the EAC.
What is TREACHER COLLINS syndrome
500
What are three things that may occur if otitis media is left untreated?
What is Ossicular erosion Mastoiditis Cholesteatoma
500
Explain where Carhart's notch occurs and why it occurs
What is Bone characteristically dips at 2000 Hz. The notch is known as Carhart’s notch. Shift in resonant frequency of middle ear caused by immobile oval window.
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