Critical Thinking
Exam 1 Content
Measurement Concepts
Observational Methods
Survey Research
100
With regard to reliability, the reason operational definitions are important
What is consistency of raters, the measure, observations, coding, etc.?
100
This is fake science that is presented to appear like real science
What is pseudoscience?
100
An example of this measurement scale is student’s letter grade on a test
What is an ordinal scale?
100
A research approach that focuses on specific behaviors that can be counted
What is quantitative?
100
This type of question contains language that lead people to respond in a certain way
What is a loaded question?
200
The distinction between naturalistic and systematic observational methods
What is the scope of the observation (broad or specific)
200
The process of weighing the potential positive and negative effects of research on participants
What is risk-benefit analysis?
200
When a measure is consistent it has high levels of this
What is reliability?
200
A method to observe behavior of one individual or entity because of rare or unusual characteristics
What is a case study?
200
A survey item that limits the possible responses
What is a closed-ended question?
300
The main disadvantage of nonprobability sampling methods
What is a biased sample?
300
After reading this section of a paper, the reader knows what the researcher decided to research
What is the introduction?
300
The correlation of each item on a scale with every other item is called this
What is Chronbach's alpha?
300
Using small cameras during observations can reduce this
What is reactivity?
300
The level of certainty that a range of the sample results contain the true population value
What is a confidence interval?
400
The clearest and most efficient sampling method when resources are unlimited and a full list of members of the population are available
What is simple random sampling?
400
Researchers work to reduce this in order to accurately explain phenomena in the world
What is random variability?
400
This type of validity concerns whether two or more groups of people differ on a measure in expected ways
What is concurrent validity?
400
This refers to previously compiled information that is assessed by a researcher
What is archival research?
400
A subset of individuals that are randomly selected from a population
What is a random sample?
500
This needs to be an ethical consideration when examining archival data
What is confidentiality (of deceased and living and their family)?
500
This term refers to keeping all extraneous variables constant in a study
What is experimental control?
500
This is the weakest measure of validity
What is face validity?
500
The lack of interrater reliability when observing Danny MacAskill’s jumps demonstrated the need for this system
What is a coding system?
500
A biased sample is more likely when this occurs
What is a small response rate (and/or a small sample)?
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