Chapter 5
Definition of Action Potential
electrical charge or impulse initiated & sent by neuron
Definition of Arteries
large vessels that carry blood away from heart
Define Pulmonary Respiration
pulmonary ventilation and pulmonary diffusion
How many chambers does the heart have?
4 chambers
Definition of Synapse
between the motor neuron and the affected muscle
Definition of Arterioles
small, branch arteries
Define Cellular respiration
use of oxygen in aerobic metabolism and production of carbon dioxide (within tissues)
What way does blood enter through the heart?
Blood enters right atrium from superior & inferior vena cava
Definition of nuerotransmitter
diffuses across small gap
Definition of Capillaries
smallest vessels; site of gas & nutrient exchange
Define Partial Pressure
portion of pressure due to a particular gas in a mixture of gases.
What way does blood exit the heart?
Is pumped through valve into aorta & out to body
Monosynaptic Reflex aka (Reflex Arc)
the most basic functional unit of the nervous system.
Definition of Venules
•small veins that carry blood toward heart
Importance of the Sigmoidal Shape
•At the lungs
High PO2 = formation of oxyhemoglobin; 100% saturation
-At the tissues
Low PO2 = release of O2 to tissues;
Direction of reaction depends on:
PO2 of the blood; Affinity between Hb and O2
Which circulation is the one the arteries carry deoxygenated blood and veins carry oxygenated blood?
Pulmonary circulation
5 components of Reflex Arc
1. sensory receptors
2. sensory neuron
3. interneuron
4. motor neuron
5. Effector organ
Definition of Veins
vessels that carry blood toward heart
What are the three carbon dioxide transport method?
1) 7% to 10% is dissolved in plasma
2) 20% is bound to hemoglobin
-Carbaminohemoglobin: carbon dioxide bound to the globin portion of hemoglobin
-Oxygen and low PCO2 at lungs cause CO2 to be released from hemoglobin
3) 70% is transported as bicarbonate
What part is the contraction portion of the blood being pumped out? What is the relaxation phase?
Systole is the contraction phase; blood is pumped out of chamber. Diastole is the relaxation phase, blood fills chamber