Definitions
Define 'reduplicated babble'
Give an example sentence using the following grammatical morpheme: present progressive
I am running; I am jumping; etc.
When does the first true word typically appear?
1 year
Identify a major acquired skill/milestone for...
Infants in the area of phonology
Cooing/babbling; reflexive sounds; discriminate sounds in all languages; rhythm of language
What language element does MLU measure?
Syntax
Define 'mental state verbs'
Verbs that indicate one's thoughts, feelings, and knowledge (such as think, know, believe)
Give an example sentence using the following grammatical morpheme: irregular past tense
I swam; I ran; etc.
When do children typically start combining 2 or more words?
2 years
Identify a major acquired skill/milestone for...
Toddlers in the area of morphology/syntax
Begins 2-word utterances; verbs begin to emerge; uses in and on prepositions; uses negation; MLU= 1.5-3.0
How is literacy related to early language and communication?
Phonological awareness, alphabet knowledge, print awareness
Define 'overextension'
Applying one word to many things (such as referring to all four legged animals as dogs).
Give an example sentence using the following grammatical morpheme: irregular 3rd person present tense
He goes; she has; etc.
What are two developmental milestones in pragmatics?
Understanding indirect requests; using gestures
Identify a major acquired skill/milestone for...
Preschool-aged children in the area of pragmatics
Understands indirect requests; uses indirect requests; longer dialogues; starts storytelling
Describe the difference between function words and content words. Give an example of each.
Function: is, to, are, etc.
Content: jump, apple, etc.
Define 'incidental learning'
Learning new words through exposure to conversation.
Give an example sentence using the following grammatical morpheme: copula (uncontractible)
We were at school; he was happy; etc.
Describe the role of parents/caregivers in the development of early interactions.
Ascribe meaning to reflexes; provide language input and stimulation.
Identify a major acquired skill/milestone for...
Toddlers in the area of semantics
First words; nouns, verbs, adjectives; overgeneralizes; starts asking simple questions
Around what MLU # is this measurement no longer useful for indicating language complexity?
Around 5.0-6.0+
Define 'fast mapping'
Theory of semantics that describes the phenomenon of rapid word acquisition.
Give an example sentence using the following grammatical morpheme: auxiliary (contractible)
We're walking; I'm going home; etc.
What are 3 syntactic structures that are usually developed in the school years?
Reflexives, adjective ordering, gerunds
Identify a major acquired skill/milestone for...
Preschool-aged children in the area of semantics
Fast mapping to learn new words; uses WH- questions; uses reflexive pronouns; understands kinship terms
Give an example of an indirect request. What are these requests more difficult to understand?
Example: "Oh, those cookies smell good!" (Intent: "Give me a cookie")
Indirect requests require the listener to interpret the speaker's intent.