Punnets Squares
If a red flower was D and a white flower was d, what color would the offspring look like?
Dd = Red flower
What is the basic structure of DNA?
Double Helix
What is mitosis?
Mitosis is a process of cell division that results in two genetically identical daughter cells.
What is a DNA mutation?
A DNA mutation is a permanent change in an organism's DNA nucleotide sequence.
What is a punnet square?
A punnet square is a grid that predicts the offspring's genotypes and phenotypes.
What are the main components of DNA?
Phosphate group , deoxyribose, and nitrogenous base
What is meiosis?
Meiosis is a form of cell division that occurs in sexually reproducing organisms.
How can mutations be beneficial?
Mutations can introduce new traits that may be beneficial for survival and reproduction. <--- this also helps with evolution.
How are dominant alleles shown in Punnet Square?
Using Upper-case letters.
What is the function of DNA?
To store and transmit genetic information.
When does DNA replication occur in mitosis and meiosis?
Before both mitosis and meiosis during the interphase.
Can mutations be inherited?
Yes, (Passed from parents).
How are Recessive alleles shown in Punnet Square?
Lowercase letters.
What are mutations, and how do they relate to DNA structure?
Mutations are changes that happen in the DNA.
What are the phases of mitosis?
Prophase, Metaphase, Anaphase, and Telophase, followed by Cytokinesis.
What are the different types of DNA mutations?
Insertions, Deletions, substitution, and inversion
What does a Punnett square show?
A Punnett square shows all the possible genetic combinations of alleles resulting from a cross between two parents.
How are the bases paired in DNA?
adenine (A) paired with thymine (T)
cytosine (C) paired with guanine (G)
How many times does the cell divide in meiosis?
Two divisions - Meiosis I and Meiosis II
Can mutations be repaired?
Yes, the have a mechanism in the cell that helps the repair.