A
What is the energy currency within the body?
ATP
This type of reaction stores and absorbs energy
Energonic
What type of reaction is respiration?
Exergonic
Name the three types of biological work in humans?
Name an activity that would use the ATP-PCr system
explosive activity, 8-12 seconds of activity, sprinting
Name an enzyme
lipase, creatine kinase, lactase, maltase
This is defined as the lag in oxygen uptake at the beginning of exercise
Oxygen Deficit
Why is the energy value of protein so hard to determine?
What role do B vitamins play in metabolism
coenzymes
This measure provides a quantitative measure of a person's ability to produce ATP aerobically
VO2 max
What happens in the Cori Cycle?
Removes lactate and replenishes glycogen stores
This is defined as the amount of oxygen required to meet the physiological demands of our muscles and tissues during exercise.
steady state or rate
Name an activity that would use the oxidative system for energy
any activity longer than 2 minutes
The process that FFA's must pass through before entering the Kreb's cycle is
Beta oxidation
How does active vs passive recovery affect Oxygen recovery?
active accelerates the removal of lactic acid from muscles and blood
Passive does not but also does not increase O2 requirement
How many net ATP are produced from one molecule of lipids?
3 ATP are used for energy within the break down of that molecule
What molecule is needed in order for krebs cycle to start?
Acetyl-CoA
Explain why pyruvate gets converted to lactic acid?
With a limit in oxygen supply excessive H run out of NAD to bind to and are combined to pyruvate to form lactic acid.
Which muscle fiber type prefers the conversion of pyruvate to lactic acid?
fast twitch
How many net ATP are produced from one molecule of Glucose?
36 in total but 4 are used within the breakdown for energy.
Explain what happens during the electron transport chain
electrons are extracted from hydrogen and passed to oxygen. This allows ADP to rephosphorylate to ATP.
Describe how recovery from a bout of exercise changes with level of intensity of exercise.
light- slight O2 deficit recovery time short
moderate/heavy- larger O2 deficit steady rate is achieved- recovery time several hours
All out exercise- Largest O2 debt steady rate never achieved- recovery could be up to a day
All energy substrates (macronutrients) are broken down and go through which cycle?
Citric acid cycle
Name the three energy systems and how long they are active
ATP PCr system 8-12 secs
Lactic acid/ Anaerobic Glycolysis 60-180 seconds
Oxidative/Glycolytic system 2 minutes and longer
level at which body will start to shut down due to LA accumulation. Yes it varies from person to person and can be trained. Limited oxygen supply causes this to happen.