Muscular/Skeletal Trauma
The most common post-op complication of any orthopedic surgey
What is infection
Maximum recommended hip flexion after a posterior total hip replacement
what is 90 degrees
2 classic signs of a DVT
What are calf tenderness/pain and leg swelling/edema
2 types of adaptive immunity
What is active and passive?
The most serious and life-threatening allergic reaction
What is anaphylaxis
The best way to prevent the spread of infection
What is hand washing
Nursing priority before beginning antimicrobial therapy
What is obtain blood cultures?
Virus that causes Hepatitis A
Ribonucleic acid
(RNA) virus
2 most common medications used to decrease the risk for thrombus development in a post operative joint replacement patient
What are Heparin and Enoxaparin
The type of fracture where the broken bones are not aligned
What is a displaced fracture
Location of Herberden's Nodes
what is the distal finger joints
Lab drawn when a DVT is suspected
What is a D-Dimer?
5 cardinal symptoms of Inflammation
what is warmth, redness, swelling, pain, decreased function
The priority intervention for any allergic reaction
What is maintain airway?
Type of isolation for MRSA and PPE required for that isolation
what is contact isolation? Gloves and gown are worn
Diagnostic test performed to make a diagnosis of bacterial meningitis
What is Lumbar Puncture (LP)
Treatment for hepatitis B and C
what are vaccines
Prothrombin time (PTT) is affected by this medication
Heparin
The device most commonly used to keep the hip joint stable after hip replacement surgery while in bed
What is an abduction pillow
The 2 labs used to diagnose OA
Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-Reactive protein
SOB, CP, hypoxia, tachycardia, tachypnea
What are the S/S of a Pulmonary embolism (PE)
5 factors affecting immunity status
What is nutrition, age, environment, drugs, and disease?
First line medication used for any severe allergic reaction.
What is Epinephrine? Antihistamines, such as diphenhydramine (Benadryl) is the second line medication used.
The term used for the how quickly and easily a pathogen can spread
what is Virulence?
6 Classic s/s of bacterial meningitis
what is nuchal rigidity (stiff neck), headache, fever, muscle aches, light and noise sensitivity
Labs used to assess for Hepatitis
Liver Enzymes:
ALT (SGOT) & AST (SGPT) will be elevated, Alkaline phosphatase may be normal or elevated, Serum total bilirubin (jaundice)
Maximum daily dose of acetaminophen
what is 3000-4000 mg
A device used preoperatively to decrease pain and muscle spasms in a hip fracture patient
What is Buck's Traction
Type of therapy used postoperatively to decrease swelling after a total knee replacement
Cryotherapy (cold therapy)
Most serious adverse effect of any anticoagulation therapy
What is uncontrollable bleeding
Type of immunity passed on from mother during childbirth
What is passive immunity?
4 s/s of angioedema
What is facial swelling, difficulty speaking/swallowing, facial distortion, hives
4 portals of entry for an infection to enter a host
What is broken skin, respiratory tract, GI tract, urinary tract
Type of isolation for bacterial meningitis
what is droplet precautions
Diagnostic test to confirm hepatitis
What is Liver biopsy
Drug of choice used for osteoarthritis
What are NSAID's
5 P's of a neurovascular check assessment
What are Pain, Pallor, Pulse, Paralysis, Parasthesia
2 non-pharmacological measures to prevent development of a DVT in a postop hip replacement patient
SCD's/Compression devices
Early ambulation/mobility
S/S include pallor when legs are elevated and rubor when legs are lowered
What is PAD?
The 3 types of WBC's involved in developing antibodies
What are macrophages, helper/inducer T-cells, lymphocytes?
An allergy to this food is a contraindication for receiving the Flu Vaccine
What is eggs
The #1 cause of deaths in hospitals
what is sepsis
The minimum size of the induration for a PPD to be considered a positive screening for TB
What is 10mm
Term for drainage that is clear and watery from plasma
What is Serous
Lab drawn to determine therapeutic levels of warfarin (coumadin)
what is INR
S/S of a possible fat emboli
What is confusion, headache, seizure, SOB, tachycardia
Device used to gradually increase flexibility of the joint after a total knee replacement
What is CPM (continuous passive motion) machine
3 actions that can improve venous return
What are use of SCD's, frequent position changes (increased mobility), elevate extremity
The most serious adverse reaction of prednisone
What is immunosuppression (places pt at risk for infection)
Medication recommended to relieve a low-grade fever and pain/discomfort at the injection site after receiving a vaccination
What are antipyretics (acetaminophen or Ibuprofen)
The body's best defense against infection
What is the immune system?
Isolation for a patient with TB or suspected TB. What PPE is worn
What is Airborne Isolation? negative airflow room, N95 mask, gloves and handwashing. Gown should also be worn if soiling of blood or body fluids is likely.
Term used for removal of the necrotic tissue in a wound, exposing healthy tissue to improve perfusion and healing
Debridement
Medication that reverses effects of heparin
What is protamine?
The nurse's first action upon finding a post op wound draining thick yellow drainage
What is call the physician for orders for culture and sensitivity
Used after posterior hip surgery to prevent the dislocation of the hip joint while the patient is in bed
What is an Abduction Pillow
Bedrest, sitting for long periods, surgery, phlebitis, IV infiltration
What are the risk factors for thrombus development?
4 things that must be documented when administering a vaccine
What is name of manufacturer, expiration date, lot number, date of administration
Labs anticipated to be drawn for a person with a suspected infection
CBC, culture and sensitivity (sputum, blood or wound),
Most accurate lab test to determine TB
What is ANA (Automated nucleic acid) test?
Medication that reverses the effects of Coumadin
What is Vitamin K?
4 non-pharmacological interventions used for osteoarthritis
What are rest, repositioning, heat/cold, weight loss
Lab tests anticipated for a patient with a suspected allergic reaction
What is CBC (specifically eosinophils), and immunoglobulin E. Both will be elevated during an allergic reaction
6 Non-pharmacologic interventions to reduce fever
Ice packs, cooling blanket, increased fluid intake, sponge/cooling bath, remove blankets, decrease temperature in room.
The electrolyte deficient in most patients with positive TB
What is Phosphorous
Over the counter vitamin supplement that is contraindicated for patients taking warfarin
What is Ginko Biloba (suppresses coagulation and can cause bleeding)
Nursing interventions to decrease the risk of compartment syndrome for a postop L lower extremity fracture repair
what is elevate extremity to promote venous return and apply ice to decrease swelling
4 physical S/S of fever
shaking chills, heart palpations (tachycardia), diaphoresis, lethargy
The priority nursing assessment for a patient with bacterial meningitis
Freq. monitoring for changes in neuro status
Weight gain, fluid retention, hypokalemia, diarrhea, hyperglycemia, anxiety, insomnia, black tarry stools, immunosuppression
Adverse effects of prednisone
Type of transmission when a person develops food poisoning
What is vehicle transmission
Transmission of a pathogen from a needle, soiled dressing, or a toilet seat are examples of this type of transmission
What is indirect contact