Digestive System
What is the main site of nutrient absorption?
Small intestine
What is the chemical formula of glucose?
C6H12O6
What is the first party of carb metabolism?
Glycolysis
What molecule enters the citric acid cycle?
Acetyl-CoA
What is the functional unit of the kidney?
Nephron
What is the function of bile?
To emulsify lipids
What is an anabolic reaction?
An energy-requiring process where small molecules joined to form larger molecules.
What is anaerobic respiration?
The breakdown of glucose in absence of oxygen.
Where does the citric acid cycle take place?
Matrix
Which tube connects the kidney to the urinary bladder?
Ureter
What part of pancreatic juice lowers stomach pH?
Bicarbonate
What is the difference between essential and nonessential nutrients?
Essential - Must be obtained in diet.
Nonessential - Body can synthesize.
What part of the brain regulates temperature?
Hypothalamus
How much ATP do we form in the intermediate step?
0!
What encases the glomerulus?
The Bowman capsule
What hormone stimulates the release of bile from the small intestine?
Cholecystokinin
What is a complete protein? Give one example.
Contain all necessary amino acids (fish, milk, meat, eggs).
What is Gluconeogenesis?
The formation of glucose from amino acids and glycerol
What does Acetyl-CoA combine with to start the citric acid cycle?
Oxaloacetic acid
The ascending and descending limb are part of what?
The Loop of Henle
Parasympathetic stimulation from what nerve causes the release of enzyme-rich pancreatic juice?
Vagus
How many double bonds between carbons are in Saturated fat?
None
What is the final electron acceptor in the ETC?
Oxygen
What complex combines ADP and Phosphate into ATP?
ATP Synthase
What vasculature exits the renal corpuscle?
Efferent arterioles