Every Breath You Take
What are Agonal Respirations?
Angina is temporary ischemia that is relieved with rest and/or nitro admin, while MI requires definitive care
Two resources an EMT can consult prior to treating a patient who has overdosed on a substance?
Medical Control
Poison Control
What is the phone number for PC?
Diabetes in a disease in which _____ is not made or does not function properly, impacting the body's ability to use ______.
Bonus: what is is called when a pregnant pt develops diabetes during pregnancy?
Diabetes in a disease in which insulin is not made or does not function properly, impacting the body's ability to use glucose.
Bonus: gestational diabetes
Give an example of a priority 1, rapid transport patient:
What medication do pts take for asthma?
Bonus: brand name
Albuterol
Proventil, Ventoli, Salbutamol, Accuneb
What is Coronary Artery Disease?
What level of HazMat training is require of the EMT?
First Responder Awareness
3 s/sx of hyperglycemia
Slow onset, flushed skin, fruity/acetone/ketone breath, polydipsia, polyuria, polyphagia, Kussmaul Respirations, AMS
What is the distinction between an allergic reaction anaphylaxis?
Allergic reaction= localized immune response
Anaphylaxis = allergic reaction with multisystemic response, causing profound vasodilation and eventually airway swelling that presents with s/sx of distributive shock
S/Sx of Epiglottitis
Hx of infection, fever, sore throat, muffled voice, drooling, difficulty swallowing, respiratory distress
More common in pediatric pts than adults
What is the mechanism of action of Nitroglycerine?
Vasodilation
Specially used to dilate coronary arteries during ACS
What are volatile chemicals?
Chemicals that rapidly evaporate and can be inhaled, either accidentally or for psychoactive effects.
Ex. rubbing alcohol, gasoline, lighter fluid, glues, essential oils, etc.
What is the difference between a partial seizure and a generalized seizure?
Partial includes simple seizures, affecting one part of the body, and complex seizure, abnormal behavioror impaired consciousness (now called focal impaired awareness seizure" or "focal onset impaired awareness seizure").
Generalized seizure = tonic-clonic and absence seizures
What does pedal edema indicate?
Defined as swelling of the feet and lower legs
Caused by diseases resulting in fluid buildup of the tissues, such as Congestive Heart Failure. CHF this because the heart is not able to effectively pump blood, allowing in to pool in the body.
Pts may take a "water pill" such as HCTZ or furosemide
What is the difference between pulmonary edema and pulmonary embolism?
Edema = buildup of fluid in lungs causing productive cough and wet lung sounds
Bonus: What is a common cause of pulmonary edema?
Embolism = clot in pulmonary vasculature, presents with sharp, unilateral chest pain, syncope, possibly absent lung sounds
Both may present with respiratory distress
What is the most common cause of cardiac issues in the pediatric population?
Respiratory failure or arrest
Describe the steps of Mass Casualty Triage:
1) Call walking wounded to central collection point (green)
2) Rapidly assess each pt: respiration presence/quality; perfusion; mentation
3) Label: green, yellow, red, striped (black)
What is the difference between ataxia and aphasia?
Ataxia = loss of control of body movements, usually seen as instability and loss of equilibrium
Aphasia = loss of ability to express or understand written or spoken language
(Aphagia, usually called dysphagia = inability to swallow)
What is cholecystitis?
Inflammation of the gallbladder, often caused by gallstones or other disease processing causing inflammation to the bile ducts.
Your patient is experiencing an anaphylactic reaction. Upon arrival, the pt is found in severe respiratory distress and is responsive to verbal stimulus. You find some swelling in the airway and have applied O2 15LPM via NRB. What should you do next?
Administer epinephrine with medical control consent
What is the mechanism of action of a beta blocker?
Block epinephrines effects on the heart, decreasing HR and contractility
Reduces workload on the heart in people with CAD or CHF
What is the difference between a HazMat Specialist and Technician?
Technicians = plug, patch, play; typically handling hazardous materials during clean up
Specialist = subject matter expert that is usually in a more managerial or command role
AEIOUTIPS
Alcohol
Electrolytes
Insulin
Overdose
Underdose, Uremia
Trauma
Infection
Poison, Psychogenic
Seizure, Stroke, Syncope
What is the normal respiratory range for an 8 year old child?
15-30 breaths per min