Neuro
This is the criteria for Status Eplipticus.
What is a seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes and/or repeated seizures within a 30 minute period.
This is the normal value for IOP, or Interocular Pressure
What is 10-21 (mmHg)
This is the first sign of compartment syndrome
What is paresthesia?
managed by maintaining the extremity at heart level (not above the heart) (this reduces keeps blood flow to extremity) and removing constrictive dressings by opening and bivalving the cast opening the cast or splint. If severe, may need surgery
This medication reduces swelling in intercranial pressure
What is Mannitol?
Mannitol elevates blood plasma osmolality, resulting in enhanced flow of water from tissues, including the brain and cerebrospinal fluid, into interstitial fluid and plasma. As a result, cerebral edema, elevated intracranial pressure, and cerebrospinal fluid volume and pressure may be reduced
Keep your patient in this postion following a vitrectomy
**Daily double**
A vitrectomy is for this condition
What is in a prone position
** For Retinal Detachment**
The prone position may be for a few days to a week
Characterized by sudden floaters or black spots in field of vision. Flashing lights or "curtain" coming across field of vision
Bell's Palsey is an inflammation of this cranial nerve
What is the 7th cranial nerve.
Also called the facial nerve
connects the brain to the muscles that control facial expression, taste, and ear
Bell's Palsey is an inflammation of this nerve caused by unknown factors, however, many believe it could be due to viral, autoimmune, trauma, certain medications, or many other unknown reasons
A diet lacking in vit E and carotene is a risk factor for this type of Macular Degeneration
****Daily double****
Identify 2 foods that go with vit E and 2 foods that go with carotene
What is Dry macular degeneration.
Vitamin E- Nuts, seeds, oils
Carotene-- orange, yellow vegys like carrots, sweet potato, squash, spinach, lettuce, tomatoes, sweet potatoes, broccoli
This is a metabolic bone disease characterized by inadequate bone mineralization and presents as decreased calcium and phosphorus and elevated ALP levels due to increased osteoblastic activity
What is Osteomalacia?
Elevated ALP (increased bone formation indicator) Alkaline Phosphatase
Usually as a result of low Vit D levels. The new bone is demineralized and results in soft bones
***** Daily Double******
This is the criteria for Status Eplepticus
** This is the first line treatment****
What is A seizure lasting longer than 5 minutes and/or repeated seizures within a 30 minute time frame
** Lorazepam or Diazepam*** Followed by Dilantin/Phenytoin
A sand bag is helpful for a patient with this
What is muscle spasms following amputation
These are the symptoms in Cushings Triad.
What are increased b/p, decreased pulse, and irregular respirations.
indicates a severe lack of oxygen in the brain tissue. It is usually a late sign. Due to increasing intercranial pressure
This is a type of Glaucoma where IOP rises suddenly. The angle between the iris and the sclera suddenly closes, causing an increase in IOP. Has sudden onset - requires emergency treatment,
What is Primary angle -Closed or narrow angle Glaucoma.
Symptoms include: severe pain, blurred vision, photophobia and potential vision loss if not treated immediately
Common triggers of this disease include sugar, corn syrup, alcohol, organ meats, and some seafood. Treatment includes a diet low in Purine, weight loss, NSAIDS, and corticosteriods along with other medications
What is Gout?
This class of medication is the first line for Migraines.
What is Triptans also known as 5HT1-receptor agonists.
sumatriptan (Imitrex), zolmitriptan (Zomig), and rizatriptan (Maxalt
Teach patients these two things when taking Fosamax for Osteoporosis
Take on an empty stomach with water only and avoid laying down for 30 minutes
Belongs to the class- Biphosphonates
In order to be diagnosed with Parkinson's you must have 2 of the these 4 symptoms which are the cardinal symptoms of Parkinson's.
What are Resting tremors, Bradykinesia, rigidity, and postural instability
This is the procedure to treat otosclerosis (when the staples fuses with other structures) leading to hearing loss.
What is Stapedectomy.
resolution of conductive hearing loss occurs soon after surgery
These are the 5 Ps of Neuromuscular Assessment
What are pain, pulse, pallor, parasthesia, and paralysis
These two medications are helpful in Gout.
**Daily double**
what do each of them do
What are Cholchicine and Allopurinol
Cholchicine is for acute attacks- reduces pain and swelling
Allopurinol is for longer term treatment to lower the uric acid levels
Instruct patients to do this once discomfort to the face is gone following Bell's Palsy to help with movement
What is facial massage
*****Daily Double****
This is the medication order for someone having a seizure.
What is Pam- Lorazepam or diazepam. To calm the seizure- (Benzodiazepine)
Phenytoin (dialantin) to decrease abnormal electrical activity (prevents and treats) - Anticonvulsant
Phenobarbital (Barbituate) calms overactive nerves
*****Daily double****Chronic Otitis media can cause mastoiditis, the symptom would be this
Daily double--Name the symptom to watch for post-op mastoidectomy that would indicate facial nerve paralysis
What is tenderness behind the ear
Daily double
- Drooping of the mouth and fixed lateral eye gaze
Osteomyelitis is a bone infection, an Erthyrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR) of greater than this indicates a high likeihood that the patient has osteomyelitis.
What is >60 mm/h.
This combined with a high C-reactive protein (CRP) are good indicators of osteomyelitis
ESR : When swelling and inflammation are present, the blood's proteins clump together and become heavier than normal. when measured, they fall and settle faster at the bottom of the test tube. Generally, the faster the blood cells fall, the more severe the inflammation.
This is the difference between Miotic and Mydriatic medications
What is miotic meds constrict the pupil and Mydriatic meds dilate the pupil
Examples are Pilocarpine (miotic med) for glaucoma
and Atropine is an example of mydriatic
Never use mydriatic medications for glaucoma patient
When assessing a patients history who has headaches, it is important to look for MAOI use as it can prevent the breakdown of norepinephrine, dopamine, serotonin and this which can trigger headaches, especially Migraines
**Daily Double****
These are foods that are high in Tyramine (Name 3)
What is Tyramine?
Foods high in Tyramine include:
•Aged cheese. (Unaged cheeses, such as cottage cheese, mozzarella and ricotta, are unlikely to have high tyramine levels unless you store them at a high temperature.)
•Soy sauce.
•Cured fish.
•Fermented sausages.
•Liver. (Fresh liver has no tyramine, but it can spoil quickly if you don’t refrigerate it, producing high levels of tyramine.)
•Salami.
•Overripe fruits, including avocados, bananas and figs.
•Fermented beers (including tap beer).
•Fava beans.
•Artisan sourdough bread.