Which of the following phospholipid movements is active (requires energy)?
Rotation
Flexation
Flip-Flop
Lateral Movement
Flip-Flop
What is the main difference between active and passive transport?
Active transport goes from an area of low concentration to high concentration.
Passive transport goes from an area of high concentration to low concentration
W
hat is the function of Snares?
Docking vesicles at the membrane
Coating proteins which forms a basket around the vesicles
Helps actively transport proteins into the nucleus
Recognize localization signals and move them into the ER.
Docking vesicles at the membrane
Stability of microtubules is accomplished by
Phosphorylation of microtubules
Interaction with capping proteins
Growth of microtubules from gamma-tubulin ring complexes
Degradation of unstable microtubules
All of the above
interaction with capping proteins
What is the charge inside and outside the cell?
Negative inside of the cell
Positive outside the cell
What do carbohydrates attached to cell-surface proteins and lipids provide a cell?
Protection from mechanical and chemical damage
A slimy coat that prevents cells from sticking to one another
A distinctive identity in cell-cell recognition
All of the above
All of the Above
An influx of what triggers an action potential?
Positive ions
Negative ions
Neutral ions
positive ions
What are the major differences between single-pass and double-pass transmembrane?
Single pass only has one stop and start signal sequence and the start sequence is cleaved off.
Double pass has a start and stop sequence in the middle of the peptide chain and they are never cleaved off.
Which of the below is an example of a filament proteins?
Actin
porin
serotonin
voltage-gated ion channel
transcription factor
Actin
Hen a molecules is traveling through the Nuclear pore what type of energy do it require?
a) ATP
b) ADP
c) GTP
d) NADPH
GTP
What are the advantages of compartmentation?
Allows for order within the cell and seperation of chemical processes.
What is the most tightly regulated ion in the cells?
a) Na+
b) Cl-
c) K+
d) Ca2+
Ca2+
What is the main function of a clathrin coat?
spherical shape and transport of molecules forward.
Plasma membranes are extremely thin and fragile, requiring an extensive support network of fibrous proteins. This network is called the ________.
Cortex
Attachment complex
Cytoskeleton
Spectrin
Cortex
In addition to protecting the cell the plasma membrane plays a vital role in many other processes. Which of the below statements is NOT a process which involves the plasma membrane?
a) Receiving signals from the environment via membrane receptors and relaying them to the cytosol
b) replication of the cellular DNA for cell division
c)Import and export of molecules
d)Facilitating cell movement and expansion
replication of the cellular DNA for cell division
What are the different ways the membrane maintains fluidity?
Chain lengths, number of double bonds, and cholesterol.
When the mechanical movement of cilia in auditory cells causes the channels to open what is the type of channel?
a) Ion Channel
b) Ligand-gated ion channels
c) Voltage-gated ion channels
d) Stress-gated ion channels
Stress-gated ion channels
Glycosylation is the covalent attachment of oligosaccharide side chains, what does this form?
Stable protein structures
The carbohydrate layer
Nuclear pores
Transport membranes
The carbohydrate layer
Muscles contract due to the shrinking of sarcomeres. What are the actin filaments anchored to (using the + end of the actin)
a) myosin
b) myofibrils
c)Z-Disk
d)Kinesin
Z-Disk
Which motor protein(s) transport cargo along the microtubule to the positive and negative ends?
a) kinesins transport towards the negative end and dyenins towards the positive end
b) only kinesins transport the cargo to both ends
c) kinesins and dyenins work together to transport cargo to both ends
d) kinesins transport towards the positive end and dyenins towards the negative end
kinesins transport towards the positive end and dyenins towards the negative end
What protein helps Red blood cells maintain their shape?
a) spectrin
b)
Spectrin
What does a rush of Ca2+ do?
Tells the vesicles to fuse with membranes releasing neurotransmitters
Blocks an action potential from priming
Increases the rate of an action potential
Ca2+ isn’t important
Tells the vesicles to fuse with membranes releasing neurotransmitters
What happens if the number of unfolded proteins exceeds the chaperone folding capacity?
The cell can undergo apoptosis
The unfolded protein response will trigger gene expression of chaperone proteins
Nothing Happens
Both A&B are correct.
Both A&B are correct
A couple is told by their doctor that the reason why they cannot have children is that the sperm of the male lack motility because it does not have the structures responsible for propulsion. Which cellular structures are likely to be the underlying cause of this lack of motility?
Microtubules
Vacuole
Actin Filaments
Golgi Apparatus
Microtubules
Charged molecules pass freely through a lipid bilayer
True or False
False, the charged molecules cannot go through the hydrophobic center of the bilayer.