Naming
What are diatomic elements, and give 3 examples
Exist as two or more atoms of the element bonded together
What is a covalent/Ionic bond
Ionic Bond: A chemical bond formed when one atom donates electrons to another atom. A metal and a nonmetal.
Covalent Bond: A bond formed when two atoms share electrons. Occurs between two nonmetals
Formula mass vs Atomic mass
Formula mass is the total mass of all atoms present in a single molecule or formula unit of a compound (amu)
Molar mass is the mass, in grams, of one mole of molecules. Units (grams)
What is the emperical formula
What is the molecular formula
Simplest, whole-number ratio of elements in a compound, not a ratio of masses
The molecular formula is a whole-number multiple of the empirical formula
Molecular compounds
composed of two or more covalently bonded nonmetals.
Give 3 properties of ionic compounds
High melting and boiling points
Conduct electricity when dissolved in water or melted (NOT AS SOLID)
Hard and brittle
Solubility in water
crystalline solids
Calculate the molar mass of
Sn(NO2)2
210.73 g/mol
Calculate the empirical formula for each stimulant based on its elemental mass percent composition
nicotine (found in tobacco leaves): C 74.03%, H 8.70%, N 17.27%
C₅H₇N
Name and write the formula for the compound formed between magnesium and nitrogen
Mg₃N₂
Magnesium nitride
Give 4 properties of covalent compunds
Poor conductors of electricity
Low melting and boiling points
Soft or brittle
Variable solubility in water
Can be found as solids, liquids, or gases
Calculate the mass of 1.50 × 10²³ molecules of glucose (C₆H₁₂O₆)
45g
From the given empirical formula and molar mass, find the molecular formula of each compound.
C₆H₇N, 186.24 g/mol
C₂HCl, 181.44 g/mol
C₁₂H₁₄N₂
C₆H₃Cl₃
Write formulas for the following compounds
Mg(ClO)2
Fe(NO3)3
SF6
Cr(PO4)2
Magnesium hypochlorite
Iron(III) nitrate
Sulfur hexafluoride
chromium (VI) phosphate
Predict the electrical conductivity of the following substances
NaCl(l)
C₁₂H₂₂O₁₁(aq)
HCl(aq)
Good conductor
Non-conductor
Good conductor
Silver sulfide is the black tarnish that forms on silver jewelry when exposed to sulfur in the air. It contains 87.06% silver by mass. A materials scientist plans to extract 200 mg of pure silver from a sample of silver sulfide. What mass of silver sulfide (in milligrams) must be processed to obtain that amount of silver?
229.7 mg
Upon combustion, a hydrocarbon produces 2.20 g of CO₂ and 0.901 g of H₂O. Find the empirical formula.
CH₂
H2SO3(aq)
HNO2(aq)
H2SO4 (aq)
Sulfurous acid
Nitrous acid
Sulfuric acid
Classify each element as atomic or molecular
bromine
titanium
oxygen
potassium
molecular
atomic
molecular
atomic
Calculate the mass in grams of sodium in 8.5 g of each sodium-containing food additive
Na₃PO₄ (sodium phosphate)
NaC₇H₅O₂ (sodium benzoate)
3.58 g of Na in 8.5 g of sodium phosphate (Na₃PO₄)
1.36 g of Na in 8.5 g of sodium benzoate (NaC₇H₅O₂)
Determine the number of hydrogen atoms in a hydrocarbon sample forming 11.00 g of CO₂ and 4.50 g of H₂O.
3.01 × 10²³ hydrogen atoms