Stoichiometry
Ingestion of 1.1 g of nicotine, C10H14N2 162.2 g/mol, is a potentially fatal dose for a human. If this amount of nicotine is dissolved in enough water to form a solution that fills a half-liter bottle, 500.0 mL, what is the nicotine concentration in M?
0.014M
Calculate the work energy, w, gained or lost by the system when a gas expands from 15 L to 35 L against a constant pressure of 1.5 atm. (1 L atm = 100 J)
-3000 J (or -3.0 kJ)
Write the molecular equation for the reaction that occurs (if any) when aqueous solutions of ammonium chloride, NH4Cl, and manganese (II) sulfate, MnSO4, are mixed.
No reaction
Choose the statement that is true.
A. A strong acid solution consists of only partially ionized acid molecules.
B. The term "weak electrolyte" means that the substance is inert.
C. The term "strong electrolyte" means that the substance is extremely reactive.
D. A weak acid solution consists of mostly nonionized acid molecules.
E. A molecular compound that does not ionize in solution is considered a strong electrolyte
D
How many grams of nitrogen are there in 7.5 g of Ca(NO3)2?
1.28 g
What volume of 0.875 M phosphoric acid, H3PO4(aq) reacts exactly with 455 mL of 0.255 M of sodium carbonate solution, Na2CO3(aq), based on the reaction below?
2 H3PO4(s) + 3 Na2CO3(aq) → 2 Na3PO4(aq) + 3 H2O(l) + 3 CO2(g)
88.4 mL
A process is carried out at constant pressure. Given that E is positive and H is negative,
A. the system absorbs heat and contracts during the process.
B. the system loses heat and expands during the process.
C. the system loses heat and contracts during the process.
D. the system absorbs heat and expands during the process.
C
Identify any spectator ions in the following reaction.
HC2H3O2(aq) + LiOH(aq) → ?
Li+ and C2H3O2-
Choose all of the following that are NOT strong electrolytes.
A. NaC2H3O C. CaCl2 E. LiOH
B. Li2SO4 D. MgCO3 F. CO2
D. MgCO₃ and F. CO₂
What is the theoretical yield (in grams) of aluminum that can be produced by the reaction of 60.0 g of aluminum oxide with 30.0 g of carbon according to the following chemical reaction?
Al2O3 + 3C → 2Al + 3CO
38.1 g
What is the concentration of 185 mL of potassium hydroxide, KOH, that reacts exactly with 115 mL of 0.168 M sulfuric acid solution, H2SO4?
2 KOH(aq) + H2SO4(aq) → 2 H2O(l) + K2SO4(aq)
0.209 M
How much energy is required to decompose 765 g of PCl3, according to the reaction below? The molar mass of PCl3 is 137.32 g/mol and may be useful.
4PCl3(g) → P4(s) + 6Cl2(g) H°rxn = +1207 kJ
1682 kJ
What element is oxidized and what element is reduced in each of the following reaction?
Au2(SO4)3(aq) + 6 NaI(aq) → 2 Au(s) + 3 I2(s) + 3 Na2SO4(aq)
The element oxidized in the reaction is iodine (I), and the element reduced is gold (Au).
Choose all of the following that are considered to be STRONG electrolytes.
A. HC2H3O2 C. PbCl2 E. HClO4
B. NH4NO3 D. C12H22O11 F. CH3OH
B and E
You perform an experiment in which 0.500g of Al(OH)3 (78 g/mol) react with HCl, according to the equation below, to yield AlCl3 (133.3 g/mol). Your laboratory partner weighs the AlCl3 product and calculates a 90.0% yield. What mass of AlCl3 was isolated?
Al(OH)3 + 3HCl → AlCl3 + 3H2O
0.769g
What volume, in mL, of 1.25 M hydrochloric acid solution is needed to completely dissolve 6.35 g of zinc metal?
2 HCl(aq) + Zn(s) → ZnCl2(aq) + H2(g)
155 mL
Calculate the amount of heat (in kJ) required to raise the temperature of a 79.0 g sample of ethanol from 298 K to 385 K. The specific heat capacity of ethanol is 2.42 J/g°C.
16.6 kJ
Working on a lab project, a CH 1010 student drops a 1.00 L bottle of 6.00 M HCl on the floor. What mass of sodium carbonate, Na2CO3 106.0 g/mol, must be spread over the spill to completely neutralize the acid?
318 g
Write the three equations for the reaction that occurs (if any) when aqueous solutions of hydrofluoric acid, HF, and calcium hydroxide, Ca(OH)2, are mixed
See board.
Which substance is the limiting reagent when 2.0g of sulfur reacts with 3.0g of oxygen and 4.0g of sodium hydroxide according to the following equation?
2S + 3O2 + 4NaOH → 2 =Na2SO4 + 2H2O
NaOH
525 mL of water are added to 985 mL of an aqueous solution that is 2.59 M in sucrose (table sugar, C12H22O11). What is the concentration of the new solution? Assume that the volumes are additive.
1.69 M
A 100.0 mL sample of 0.300 M NaOH is mixed with a 100.0 mL sample of 0.300 M HNO3 in a coffee cup calorimeter. If both solutions were initially at 35.0 °C and the temperature of the resulting solution was recorded as 37.0 °C, determine H°rxn (in units of kJ/mol NaOH) for the neutralization reaction between aqueous NaOH and HNO3. Assume: 1) that no heat is lost to the calorimeter or the surroundings, and 2) that the density and the heat capacity of the resulting solution are the same as water.
-55.8 kJ/mol NaOH
500 L of 0.165 M sodium phosphate, Na3PO4, solution was mixed with 950 mL of 0.255 M calcium chloride, CaCl2, solution resulting in the formation of a white solid. Write a balanced molecular equation for this reaction and identify the white solid. What mass of this white solid precipitates from solution, assuming 100% yield?
75.1 g
Identify any spectator ions in the following reaction.
Pb(ClO4)2(aq) + NiSO4(aq) → ?
nickel(II) ions and perchlorate ions
Coal gasification can be represented by the equation: 2C(s) + 2H2O(g) → CH4(g) + CO2(g) H =? Use the following information to find H for this gasification reaction.
CO(g) + H2(g) → C(s) + H2O(g) H = 131kJ CO(g) + H2O(g) → CO2(g) + H2(g) H = 41 kJ CO(g) + 3H2(g) → CH4(g) + H2O(g) H = 206 kJ
15kJ